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Besides being a conic section, a hyperbola can arise as the locus of points whose difference of distances to two fixed foci is constant, as a curve for each point of which the rays to two fixed foci are reflections across the tangent line at that point, or as the solution of certain bivariate quadratic equations such as the reciprocal ...
In projective geometry, Pascal's theorem (also known as the hexagrammum mysticum theorem, Latin for mystical hexagram) states that if six arbitrary points are chosen on a conic (which may be an ellipse, parabola or hyperbola in an appropriate affine plane) and joined by line segments in any order to form a hexagon, then the three pairs of ...
Specifically all the points lying on the line have their isogonal conjugates lying on the hyperbola. The Nagel point lies on the curve since its isogonal conjugate is the point of concurrency of the lines joining the vertices and the opposite Mixtilinear incircle touchpoints, also the in-similitude of the incircle and the circumcircle.
Considering the pencils of confocal ellipses and hyperbolas (see lead diagram) one gets from the geometrical properties of the normal and tangent at a point (the normal of an ellipse and the tangent of a hyperbola bisect the angle between the lines to the foci). Any ellipse of the pencil intersects any hyperbola orthogonally (see diagram).
If the point p lies on the conic Q, the polar line of p is the tangent line to Q at p. The equation, in homogeneous coordinates, of the polar line of the point p with respect to the non-degenerate conic Q is given by = Just as p uniquely determines its polar line (with respect to a given conic), so each line determines a unique pole p ...
The tangents at the circular points are given by x ± iy = ± a which have real points of intersection at (± a, 0). So the foci are, in fact, foci in the sense defined by Plücker. [8] The circular points are points of inflection so these are triple foci.
Every line in projective geometry contains a point at infinity, also called a figurative point. The ellipse, parabola, and hyperbola are viewed as conics in projective geometry, and each conic determines a relation of pole and polar between points and lines. Using these concepts, "two diameters are conjugate when each is the polar of the ...
k = 1 is the tangent line to the right of the circles looking from c 1 to c 2. k = −1 is the tangent line to the right of the circles looking from c 2 to c 1. The above assumes each circle has positive radius. If r 1 is positive and r 2 negative then c 1 will lie to the left of each line and c 2 to the right, and the two tangent lines will ...