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Lard has always been an important cooking and baking staple in cultures where pork is an important dietary item, with pig fat often being as valuable a product as pork. [6] During the 19th century, lard was used in a similar way to butter in North America and many European nations. [7]
For one 1 teaspoon of baking powder, use 1/4 tsp. baking soda and 1/2 tsp. vinegar or lemon juice and milk to total half a cup. Make sure to decrease the liquid in your recipe by half a cup as ...
While similar to lard, vegetable shortening was much cheaper to produce. Shortening also required no refrigeration, which further lowered its costs and increased its appeal in a time when refrigerators were rare. Shortening was also more neutral in flavor than butter and lard which gave it a unique advantage when cooking. [7]
Further success came from the marketing technique of giving away free cookbooks in which every recipe called for Crisco. By the mid-20th-century, home cooks often substituted Crisco for butter in baked goods, such as was the case in this orange cake recipe. Crisco vegetable oil was introduced in 1960.
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If a recipe calls for salted butter and you only have unsalted, it’s an easy fix: Simply add a small amount of salt to your ingredients (approximately ¼ teaspoon salt per ½ cup of butter).
The fat is most often butter in French cuisine, but may be lard or vegetable oil in other cuisines. Roux is used in three of the five mother sauces of classic French cooking: béchamel sauce, velouté sauce, and espagnole sauce. [4] Roux may be made with any edible fat. For meat gravies, fat rendered from meat is often used.
This method cuts solid fat (whether lard, butter, or vegetable shortening) into flour and other dry ingredients using a food processor, pastry blender, or two hand-held forks. [10] The layering from this process gives rise and adds flakiness as the folds of fat melt during baking.