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It is unusual for a language to contrast a semivowel and a diphthong containing an equivalent vowel, [citation needed] but Romanian contrasts the diphthong /e̯a/ with /ja/, a perceptually similar approximant-vowel sequence. The diphthong is analyzed as a single segment, and the approximant-vowel sequence is analyzed as two separate segments.
The equivalent X-SAMPA symbols are j\_o_-and G_o_+. Especially in broad transcription, the post-palatal approximant may be transcribed as a palatalized velar approximant ( ɰʲ , ɣ̞ʲ or ɣ˕ʲ in the IPA, M\', M\_j, G'_o or G_o_j in X-SAMPA). A voiced alveolar-palatal approximant is attested as phonemic in the Huastec language.
The voiced palatal fricative is a type of consonantal sound used in some spoken languages.The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) that represents this sound is ʝ (crossed-tail j), and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is j\.
Other possible transcriptions include a centralized and labialized j ( j̈ʷ in the IPA, j_"_w in X-SAMPA) and a non-syllabic ʉ ( ʉ̯ in the IPA, }_^ in X-SAMPA). Especially in broad transcription , the labialized postpalatal approximant may be transcribed as a palatalized and labialized velar approximant ( wʲ in the IPA, w' or w_j in X-SAMPA).
The most common type of palatal consonant is the extremely common approximant [j], which ranks among the ten most common sounds in the world's languages. [1] The nasal [ɲ] is also common, occurring in around 35 percent of the world's languages, [2] in most of which its equivalent obstruent is not the stop [c], but the affricate [].
For example, in Ukrainian, medial /i/ triggers the formation of an inserted [j] that acts as a syllable onset so that when the affix /-ist/ is added to футбол ('football') to make футболіст 'football player', it is pronounced [futbo̞ˈlist], but маоїст ('Maoist'), with the same affix, is pronounced [mao̞ˈjist] with a ...
The equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is J_0. If distinction is necessary, the voiceless alveolo-palatal nasal may be transcribed as n̠̊ʲ (devoiced, retracted and palatalized n ), or ɲ̟̊ (devoiced and advanced ɲ ); these are essentially equivalent, since the contact includes both the blade and body (but not the tip) of the tongue.
The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is j̃ , that is, a j with a tilde. The equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is j~, and in the Americanist phonetic notation it is ỹ . The nasal palatal approximant is sometimes called a nasal yod; [j̃] and [w̃] may be called nasal glides.