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Leopold I [b] (born Prince Leopold of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld; 16 December 1790 – 10 December 1865) was the first king of the Belgians, reigning from 21 July 1831 until his death in 1865.
Birth of future king Leopold III of Belgium. 1902: 25 May: Partial legislative elections: 15 November: Italian anarchist Gennaro Rubino attempts to assassinate Leopold II 1904: 1 May: Belgium national football team play their first official game, against France. 29 May: Partial legislative elections: 1905: 27 April to 6 November
The Belgian army of the Meuse was defeated in the battle of Hasselt. On 8 August Leopold called for support from the French and the British. As a result Marshal Étienne Maurice Gérard crossed the border with 70,000 French troops under his command on 9 August. The battle of Leuven (where King Leopold had placed his headquarters) began on 12 ...
21 July: King Leopold I takes the constitutional oath at the Place Royale/Koningsplein. 2–12 August: King William I's troops, sent to recapture the city, only reach Leuven before retreating after the Belgian Government appeals to France for military support, prompting France to send reinforcements under Marshal Étienne Maurice Gérard.
26 June – At the Conference of London the five great powers (Austria, Britain, France, Prussia, Russia) finalise the Treaty of the Eighteen Articles, an unsuccessful peace proposal for Belgium and the Netherlands; July. 12 July – Leopold, Prince of Coburg, elected king of the Belgians. [1] 19 July – Leopold arrives in Brussels. [1]
The Belgian army across the border numbered just 24,000, including both regular soldiers and the poorly-trained and equipped militia units of the Garde Civique. [1] The Belgian force was split into two armies, known as the Army of the Meuse and the Army of the Scheldt, under the nominal command of King Leopold I and his Minister of War Amédée ...
King Leopold II of Belgium had been the principal shareholder in the Belgian trading company which established trading stations on the lower Congo between 1879 and 1884. [91] At the Berlin Conference of 1884–1885 the future Congo was personally assigned to Leopold, who named the territory the Congo Free State.
From 1885 the creation of a personal colony by King Leopold II, the Congo Free State caused an international outcry over human rights abuses, and forced the Belgian state to annex the region in 1908, forming the Belgian Congo. In 1909, after his uncle's death, Albert I began his reign, which lasted until 1934.