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Arete (Ancient Greek: ἀρετή, romanized: aretḗ) is a concept in ancient Greek thought that refers to "excellence" of any kind [1] —especially a person or thing's "full realization of potential or inherent function." [2] The term may also refer to excellence in "moral virtue." [1]
ἀρετή: Virtue. Goodness and human excellence. askêsis ἄσκησις: disciplined training designed to achieve virtue. ataraxia ἀταραξία: tranquillity, untroubled by external things. autarkeia αὐτάρκεια: self-sufficiency, mental independence of all things.
[19] [20] A relentless striving for unreasonably high expectations that are rarely achieved and an avoidance of imperfection at all costs is what distinguishes perfectionism from excellencism. [20] Perfectionism therefore extends beyond adaptive strivings and is not a synonym for excellence or conscientiousness.
Perfectionism “can look like striving for excellence for the sake of excellence, for setting high standards, working hard, caring deeply,” Hendriksen said, noting those are positive attributes.
Perfection is a state, variously, of completeness, flawlessness, or supreme excellence. The term is used to designate a range of diverse, if often kindred, concepts. These have historically been addressed in a number of discrete disciplines, notably mathematics, physics, chemistry, ethics, aesthetics, ontology, and theology. [1]
In terms of its etymology, eudaimonia is an abstract noun derived from the words eû (good, well) and daímōn (spirit or deity). [2]Semantically speaking, the word δαίμων (daímōn) derives from the same root of the Ancient Greek verb δαίομαι (daíomai, "to divide") allowing the concept of eudaimonia to be thought of as an "activity linked with dividing or dispensing, in a good way".
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It implies good judgment and excellence of character and habits. In Aristotelian ethics , the concept is distinguished from other words for wisdom and intellectual virtues (such as episteme and sophia ) because of its practical character.