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Lévi believed that the alleged devil worship of the medieval Witches' Sabbath was a perpetuation of ancient pagan rites. A goat with a candle between its horns appears in medieval witchcraft records, [56] and other pieces of lore are cited in Dogme et Rituel: Le Diable, from the early 18th-century Tarot of Marseilles by Jean Dodal
Sa’ir was the ordinary Hebrew word for "he-goat", and it is not always clear what the word's original meaning might have been. But in early Jewish thought, represented by targumim and possibly 3 Baruch , along with translations of the Hebrew Bible such as the Peshitta and Vulgate , the se’īrīm were understood as demons.
The 1897 illustration with "Samael" and "Lilith" text. The depiction of an inverted pentagram with a goat's head, paired with five Hebrew letters at the pentagram points, first appeared in the 1897 book La Clef de la Magie Noire by French occultist Stanislas de Guaita.
"And Aaron shall cast lots over the two goats, one lot for the LORD and the other lot for Azazel." Lincoln Cathedral. In the Hebrew Bible, the name Azazel (/ ə ˈ z eɪ z əl, ˈ æ z ə ˌ z ɛ l /; Hebrew: עֲזָאזֵל ʿĂzāʾzēl) represents a desolate place where a scapegoat bearing the sins of the Jews was sent during Yom Kippur.
Depicting Baphomet, a goat-headed, angel-winged humanoid symbol of the occult, [4] the statue stands 8.5 feet (2.6 m) tall, weighing over 3,000 lb (1,400 kg), and includes a prominent pentagram as well as two smiling youths gazing up at the seated central figure.
In 1985 Classical historian Georg Luck, in his Arcana Mundi: Magic and the Occult in the Greek and Roman Worlds, theorised that the origins of the Witch-cult may have appeared in late antiquity as a faith primarily designed to worship the Horned God, stemming from the merging of Cernunnos, a horned god of the Celts, with the Greco-Roman Pan ...
10 But the goat, on which the lot fell to be the scapegoat, shall be presented alive before the LORD, to make an atonement with him, and to let him go for a scapegoat into the wilderness. There is mention of a "Master Leonard" in the Dictionary of Phrase and Fable (published 1898) in association with the alleged deity of the Templars, the ...
Lévi called his image "The Goat of Mendes", possibly following Herodotus' account [39] that the god of Mendes—the Greek name for Djedet, Egypt—was depicted with a goat's face and legs. Herodotus relates how all male goats were held in great reverence by the Mendesians, and how in his time a woman publicly copulated with a goat. [40] E. A.