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Most single phase alternating-current electrical outlets in the world supply power at 210–240 V or at 100–120 V. A transformer or autotransformer can be used; (auto)transformers are inherently reversible, so the same transformer can be used to step the voltage up, or step it down by the same ratio. Lighter and smaller devices can be made ...
In North America and northern South America, it is usually 120 volts, 60 hertz (Hz), but in Europe, Asia, Africa, and many other parts of the world, it is usually 230 volts, 50 Hz. [2] Aircraft often use 400 Hz power internally, so 50 Hz or 60 Hz to 400 Hz frequency conversion is needed for use in the ground power unit used to power the ...
An AC adapter or AC/DC adapter (also called a wall charger, power adapter, power brick, or wall wart) [1] is a type of external power supply, often enclosed in a case similar to an AC plug. [2] AC adapters deliver electric power to devices that lack internal components to draw voltage and power from mains power themselves.
The same transformer can be rewired to raise or lower voltage by 5%, 10% or 15%. The primary may have wiring combinations for dual voltage usage: example for either 120 V AC or 240 V AC applications, depending on the final wiring done by the electrician. Not all equipment requires voltage correction.
The neutral conductor is connected to ground at the transformer center tap. Circuits for lighting and small appliance power outlets use 120 V circuits connected between one line and neutral. High-demand applications, such as ovens, are often powered using 240 V AC circuits—these are connected between the two 120 V AC lines.
An AC adapter disassembled to reveal a simple, unregulated linear DC supply circuit: a transformer, four diodes in a bridge rectifier arrangement, and an electrolytic capacitor to smooth the waveform In a linear power supply the AC input voltage passes through a power transformer and is then rectified and filtered to obtain a DC voltage.
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