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Indian elephant in Masinagudi, Tamil Nadu. Tamil Nadu is known for the diversity of its mammals due to the varying environments that sustain both dry and moist deciduous forests. [4] Notable species include Arboreal animals distributed in its hills, grasslands, mangroves, scrubs and forests.
The elephant was another well studied wild animal and the capture, training and maintenance of elephants was documented in the 2000-year-old text Gajashastra written in the Pāli script. [8] The Tamil literature of the Sangam period, depicts a classification of land into 5 eco-types; ranging from the littoral to wet paddy fields. [6]
India is home to several well-known large animals, including the Indian elephant, [11] Indian rhinoceros, [12] and Gaur. [4] India is the only country where the big cats tiger and lion exist in the wild. Members of the cat family include Bengal tiger, [13] Asiatic lion, [14] Indian leopard, [15] snow leopard, [16] and clouded leopard. [17]
The list also sometimes includes the local Tamil name in italics or the Tamil name in Tamil script following the English common name. This list's taxonomic treatment (designation and sequence of orders, families and species) and nomenclature (common and scientific names) follow the conventions of the IOC World Bird List, version 11.2.
Many animals are domesticated in India, and seeing them in the streets of villages and even cities is common. Bovines include the zebu, which descended from the extinct Indian aurochs, the domestic water buffalo, the gayal, which is a domesticated gaur, and in the northern regions domestic yak, which descended from the also native wild yak.
Though the term has fallen into disfavor among botanists as a formal way to categorize "useless" plants, the informal use of the word "weeds" to describe those plants that are deemed worthy of elimination is illustrative of the general tendency of people and societies to seek to alter or shape the course of nature. Similarly, animals are often ...
Paddy fields in present-day Tamil Nadu. Among the five geographical divisions of the Tamil country in Sangam literature, the Marutam region was the most fit for cultivation, as it had the most fertile lands. [2] The prosperity of a farmer depended on getting the necessary sunlight, seasonal rains and the fertility of the soil.
Mudumalai National Park is a national park in the Nilgiri Mountains in Tamil Nadu in southern India. It covers 321 km 2 (124 sq mi) at an elevation range of 850–1,250 m (2,790–4,100 ft) in the Nilgiri District and shares boundaries with the states of Karnataka and Kerala.