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Aquaculture is the most rapidly expanding food industry in the world [7] as a result of declining wild fisheries stocks and profitable business. [2] In 2008, aquaculture provided 45.7% of the fish produced globally for human consumption; increasing at a mean rate of 6.6% a year since 1970.
Fish farming or pisciculture involves commercial breeding of fish, most often for food, in fish tanks or artificial enclosures such as fish ponds. It is a particular type of aquaculture , which is the controlled cultivation and harvesting of aquatic animals such as fish, crustaceans , molluscs and so on, in natural or pseudo-natural environments.
Graph showing the decline in the global capture production (in tonnes) of the common octopus over recent years (source FAO [14]). The aquaculture potential of several octopuses species has been investigated in recent years, including Octopus maya (red octopus), [15] Octopus bimaculoides (California two-spot octopus), [16] Octopus ocellatus (now re-named Amphioctopus fangsiao) [17], Octopus ...
Seaweed farming is profitable even at a small scale, to the point that the small cost of investment is exceeded by the revenue from the first harvest (105–135 days). Caulerpa and Eucheuma are the most profitable, followed by Gracilaria. Gracilaria grows better in canals with flowing water than in still ponds. [16]
Aquaculture is practiced all over the world and is extremely popular in countries such as China, where population is high and fish is a staple part of their everyday diet. Atlantic salmon holding pens in New Brunswick. Aquaculture in Canada plays a prominent role in Canada's ecological, social and economic stage. [3]
Worldwide, the most important fish species used in fish farming are, in order, carp, salmon, tilapia, and catfish. [28] In the Mediterranean, young bluefin tuna are netted at sea and towed slowly towards the shore. They are then interned in offshore pens (sometimes made from floating HDPE pipe) [39] where they are further grown for the market. [40]
Marine shrimp farming is an aquaculture business for the cultivation of marine shrimp or prawns [Note 1] for human consumption. Although traditional shrimp farming has been carried out in Asia for centuries, large-scale commercial shrimp farming began in the 1970s, and production grew steeply, particularly to match the market demands of the United States, Japan and Western Europe.
Spiny lobster are over-exploited. Better data is needed if stocks are to be assessed accurately. [5] Until 2016, commercial fish farming was prohibited in federal waters, meaning that the Gulf of Mexico was closed to the practice. NOAA announced in January 2016, however, that companies can now set up commercial aquaculture in the Gulf. This is ...