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  2. Internal control - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_control

    Internal control is a key element of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) of 1977 and the Sarbanes–Oxley Act of 2002, which required improvements in internal control in United States public corporations. Internal controls within business entities are also referred to as operational controls. The main controls in place are sometimes ...

  3. Separation of duties - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separation_of_duties

    Smaller companies with a lack of SoD typically face concerns in disbursement cycles where unauthorized purchases and payments can occur. [4] When duties cannot be separated, compensating controls should be in place. Compensating controls are internal controls that are intended to reduce the risk of an existing or potential control weakness.

  4. OMB Circular A-123 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OMB_Circular_A-123

    The 2004 update to Circular A-123 is a re-examination of the existing internal control requirements for Federal agencies and was initiated in light of the new internal control requirements for publicly traded companies contained in the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. The circular and the statute it implements, the Federal Managers’ Financial ...

  5. Banking regulation and supervision - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banking_regulation_and...

    The internal control report must include: a statement of management's responsibility for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for the company; management's assessment of the effectiveness of the company's internal control over financial reporting as of the end of the company's most recent fiscal year ...

  6. SOX 404 top–down risk assessment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOX_404_top–down_risk...

    The COSO 1992–1994 Framework defines each of the five components of internal control (i.e., Control Environment, Risk Assessment, Information & Communication, Monitoring, and Control Activities). Evaluation suggestions are included at the end of key COSO chapters and in the "Evaluation Tools" volume; these can be modified into objective ...

  7. Accounts payable - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accounts_payable

    A variety of checks against abuse are usually present to prevent embezzlement by accounts payable personnel. Separation of duties is a common control. In countries where cheques payment are common nearly all companies have a junior employee process and print a cheque and a senior employee review and sign the cheque.

  8. Cash management - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cash_management

    Large retailers who collect a great deal of cash may have the bank arrange for an armored car company to collect the cash, instead of asking its employees to deposit the cash. Clearing house Usually offered by the cash management division of a bank. The clearing house is an electronic system used to transfer funds between banks. Companies use ...

  9. Financial audit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_audit

    Test of Control: if the auditor plans to reduce the determined control risk, then the auditor should perform the test of control, to assess the operating effectiveness of internal controls (e.g. authorization of transactions, account reconciliations, segregation of duties) including IT General Controls. If internal controls are assessed as ...