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Prior to Martin Luther and other Protestant Reformers, there were earlier reform movements within Western Christianity. The Protestant Reformation, however, is usually considered to have started on 31 October 1517 with the publication of the Ninety-five Theses, authored by Martin Luther.
Martin Luther OSA (/ ˈ l uː θ ər / LOO-thər; [1] German: [ˈmaʁtiːn ˈlʊtɐ] ⓘ; 10 November 1483 [2] – 18 February 1546) was a German priest, theologian, author, hymnwriter, professor, and Augustinian friar. [3] Luther was the seminal figure of the Protestant Reformation, and his theological beliefs form the basis of Lutheranism.
Those early reformers influenced German friar Martin Luther, who spread the Protestant Reformation. Originally, Luther intended to reform the Roman Catholic Church rather than break it up. Reformation in Germany diversified quickly as did the earlier Hussites in Bohemian Crown, and other reform impulses arose independently of Luther.
Reformation Day is a Protestant Christian religious holiday celebrated on 31 October in remembrance of the onset of the Reformation. According to Philip Melanchthon , 31 October 1517 was the day Martin Luther nailed his Ninety-five Theses on the door of the All Saints' Church in Wittenberg , Electorate of Saxony , in the Holy Roman Empire .
Woodcut of an indulgence-seller in a church from a 1521 pamphlet Johann Tetzel's coffer, now on display at St. Nicholaus church in Jüterbog, Germany. Martin Luther, professor of moral theology at the University of Wittenberg and town preacher, [3] wrote the Ninety-five Theses against the contemporary practice of the church with respect to indulgences.
Protestant Reformers were theologians whose careers, works and actions brought about the Protestant Reformation of the 16th century. In the context of the Reformation, Martin Luther was the first reformer, sharing his views publicly in 1517, followed by Andreas Karlstadt and Philip Melanchthon at Wittenberg , who promptly joined the new movement.
Martin Luther posts his 95 Theses on the door of a church in Wittenberg, Germany, formally beginning the Protestant Reformation: 1521 Pope Leo X rewards Henry VIII for his written attack on Luther by granting him the title "Defender of the Faith" Henry remains allied with Rome 1524, May William Tyndale expelled from the Catholic Church 1525
During this time, Martin Luther used his political influence to prevent war, but recognized the right of rulers to defend their lands in the event of an invasion (see Luther's concept of the Beerwolf ruler). [30] Martin Luther and the Reformation also brought a period of radical change to church architecture and design. According to the ideals ...