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A geometrical arrangement used in deriving the Kirchhoff's diffraction formula. The area designated by A 1 is the aperture (opening), the areas marked by A 2 are opaque areas, and A 3 is the hemisphere as a part of the closed integral surface (consisted of the areas A 1, A 2, and A 3) for the Kirchhoff's integral theorem.
This article summarizes equations used in optics, including geometric optics, physical optics, radiometry, diffraction, ... Kirchhoff's diffraction formula = ...
The Huygens–Fresnel principle provides a reasonable basis for understanding and predicting the classical wave propagation of light. However, there are limitations to the principle, namely the same approximations done for deriving the Kirchhoff's diffraction formula and the approximations of near field due to Fresnel. These can be summarized ...
Under spatially coherent illumination and an intermediate distance between sample and detector an interference pattern with "Fresnel fringes" is created; i.e. the fringes arise in the free space propagation in the Fresnel regime, which means that for the distance between detector and sample the approximation of Kirchhoff's diffraction formula ...
Kirchhoff's integral theorem (sometimes referred to as the Fresnel–Kirchhoff integral theorem) [1] is a surface integral to obtain the value of the solution of the homogeneous scalar wave equation at an arbitrary point P in terms of the values of the solution and the solution's first-order derivative at all points on an arbitrary closed surface (on which the integration is performed) that ...
The Fraunhofer diffraction equation is a simplified version of Kirchhoff's diffraction formula and it can be used to model light diffraction when both a light source and a viewing plane (a plane of observation where the diffracted wave is observed) are effectively infinitely distant from a diffracting aperture. [6]
Kirchhoff's diffraction formula; Klein–Gordon equation; Korteweg–de Vries equation; Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert equation; Lane–Emden equation; Langevin equation; Levy–Mises equations; Lindblad equation; Lorentz equation; Maxwell's equations; Maxwell's relations; Newton's laws of motion; Navier–Stokes equations; Reynolds-averaged ...
Some of the earliest work on what would become known as Fresnel diffraction was carried out by Francesco Maria Grimaldi in Italy in the 17th century. In his monograph entitled "Light", [3] Richard C. MacLaurin explains Fresnel diffraction by asking what happens when light propagates, and how that process is affected when a barrier with a slit or hole in it is interposed in the beam produced by ...