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Stilt houses (also called pile dwellings or lake dwellings) are houses raised on stilts (or piles) over the surface of the soil or a body of water. Stilt houses are built primarily as a protection against flooding; [1] they also keep out vermin. [2] The shady space under the house can be used for work or storage. [3]
In traditional stilt houses, wood is a prevalent structural material used to manufacture the stilts. This is usually from a local lumber source, with many traditional stilt houses in Asia using bamboo for structural support. [8] In modern homes, concrete and steel are often used as construction material for the structural stilts in houses.
A traditional Batak Toba house in North Sumatra. With few exceptions, the peoples of the Indonesian archipelago share a common Austronesian ancestry (originating in Taiwan, c. 6,000 years ago [4]) or Sundaland, a sunken area in Southeast Asia, and the traditional homes of Indonesia share a number of characteristics, such as timber construction and varied and elaborate roof structures. [4]
Khmer houses typically are raised on stilts as much as three meters for protection from annual floods. Two ladders or wooden staircases provide access to the house. The steep thatch roof overhanging the house walls protects the interior from rain. Typically, a house contains three rooms separated by partitions of woven bamboo. [51]
A large bahay kubo with walls made of thatch, c. 1900. The Filipino term báhay kúbo roughly means "country house", from Tagalog.The term báhay ("house") is derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *balay referring to "public building" or "community house"; [4] while the term kúbo ("hut" or "[one-room] country hut") is from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kubu, "field hut [in rice fields]".
Unlike most South East Asian vernacular homes, Javanese traditional houses are not built on piles, and have become the Indonesian vernacular style most influenced by European architectural elements. The Bubungan Tinggi , with their steeply pitched roofs, are the large homes of Banjarese royalty and aristocrats in South Kalimantan .
Varying Austronesian architecture existed althroughout Southeast asia including what would later become the Philippines. These varying styles exist within different Austronesian ethnic groups but what they have in common is the used of organic materials, Thatch roofings and are often raised above by posts or stilts to avoid floods.
In Southeast Asia, there are 32 cultural, 14 natural and 1 mixed sites. [ 3 ] The World Heritage Committee may also specify that a site is endangered , citing "conditions which threaten the very characteristics for which a property was inscribed on the World Heritage List."