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The Great Depression began in the United States of America and quickly spread worldwide. [42] It had severe effects in countries both rich and poor. Personal income, consumption, industrial output, tax revenue, profits and prices dropped, while international trade plunged by more than 50%.
The causes of the Great Depression in the early 20th century in the United States have been extensively discussed by economists and remain a matter of active debate. [1] They are part of the larger debate about economic crises and recessions. The specific economic events that took place during the Great Depression are well established.
The third economic downturn was the depression of the late 1830s to 1843, following the Panic of 1837, when the money supply in the United States contracted by about 34 percent with prices falling by 33 percent. The magnitude of this contraction is matched only by the Great Depression.
The First New Deal (1933–1934) dealt with the pressing banking crisis through the Emergency Banking Act and the 1933 Banking Act.The Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) provided US$500 million (equivalent to $11.8 billion in 2023) for relief operations by states and cities, and the short-lived CWA gave locals money to operate make-work projects from 1933 to 1934. [2]
The term was reportedly coined by Claudia Goldin and Robert Margo [1] in a 1992 paper, [2] and is a takeoff on the Great Depression, an event during which the Great Compression started. Share of pre-tax household income received by the top 1%, top 0.1%, and top 0.01%, between 1917 and 2005 [3] [4]
Share Our Wealth was a movement that began in February 1934, during the Great Depression, by Huey Long, a governor and later United States Senator from Louisiana. [1] Long first proposed the plan in a national radio address, which is now referred to as the "Share Our Wealth Speech". [ 2 ]
The overall course of the Depression in the United States, as reflected in per-capita GDP (average income per person) shown in constant year 2000 dollars, plus some of the key events of the period. Dotted red line = long-term trend 1920–1970. [47] In most countries of the world, recovery from the Great Depression began in 1933. [8]
The recession of 1937–1938 was an economic downturn that occurred during the Great Depression in the United States. By the spring of 1937, production, profits, and wages had regained their early 1929 levels. Unemployment remained high, but it was substantially lower than the 25% rate seen in 1933.