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A measure of the heating effect is the specific absorption rate or SAR, which has units of watts per kilogram (W/kg). The IEEE [8] and many national governments have established safety limits for exposure to various frequencies of electromagnetic energy based on SAR, mainly based on ICNIRP Guidelines, [9] which guard against thermal damage.
Bioelectromagnetics, also known as bioelectromagnetism, is the study of the interaction between electromagnetic fields and biological entities. Areas of study include electromagnetic fields produced by living cells, tissues or organisms, the effects of man-made sources of electromagnetic fields like mobile phones, and the application of electromagnetic radiation toward therapies for the ...
The antennas contained in mobile phones, including smartphones, emit radiofrequency (RF) radiation (non-ionizing "radio waves" such as microwaves); the parts of the head or body nearest to the antenna can absorb this energy and convert it to heat or to synchronised molecular vibrations (the term 'heat', properly applies only to disordered molecular motion).
The energy is usually broadband by nature, although it often excites a relatively narrow-band damped sine wave response in the victim. Sources divide broadly into isolated and repetitive events. Sources of isolated EMP events include: Switching action of electrical circuitry, including inductive loads such as relays, solenoids, or electric motors.
Because of the interrelationship between the fields, a disturbance in the electric field can create a disturbance in the magnetic field which in turn affects the electric field, leading to an oscillation that propagates through space, known as an electromagnetic wave. [2] [3]
Induction motors do not use magnets, but permanent magnet motors do. The magnets found in permanent magnet motors used in electric vehicles contain rare-earth metals to increase the power output of these motors. [45] The mining and processing of metals such as lithium, copper, and nickel can release toxic compounds into the surrounding area ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 7 February 2025. Claimed sensitivity to electromagnetic fields This article is about a pseudomedical diagnosis. For the recognized effects of electromagnetic radiation on human health, see Electromagnetic radiation and health. Electromagnetic hypersensitivity Idiopathic environmental intolerance ...
The global definition of the Earth's field is based on a mathematical model. If a line is drawn through the center of the Earth, parallel to the moment of the best-fitting magnetic dipole, the two positions where it intersects the Earth's surface are called the North and South geomagnetic poles.