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Power loom. A Northrop loom manufactured by Draper Corporation in the textile museum, Lowell, Massachusetts. A power loom is a mechanized loom, and was one of the key developments in the industrialization of weaving during the early Industrial Revolution. The first power loom was designed and patented in 1785 by Edmund Cartwright. [1]
William Radcliffe. William Radcliffe (1761?, in Mellor, Derbyshire – 20 May 1842, in Stockport [1]) was a British inventor and author of the essay Origin of the New System of Manufacture, Commonly Called Power Loom Weaving .
A Picanol rapier loom Weft insertion at 15 seconds 1906 Toyoda circular weaving loom. Different types of power looms are most often defined by the way that the weft, or pick, is inserted into the warp. Many advances in weft insertion have been made in order to make manufactured cloth more cost effective.
The perceived threat of the power loom led to disquiet and industrial unrest. Well known protests movements such as the Luddites and the Chartists had handloom weavers amongst their leaders. In the early 19th-century power weaving became viable. Richard Guest in 1823 made a comparison of the productivity of power and handloom weavers:
Illustration of power loom weaving in 1835, from History of the cotton manufacture in Great Britain by Edward Baines (1800–1890). An idealized view of women working in a clean and spacious environment. From the later part of the 18th century, and accelerating in the 19th century, the weaving industry became increasingly mechanized.
With his first loom he succeeded in obtaining ten or twelve yards daily, which he increased by improvements until a product of twenty-five yards was regularly obtained. Afterward he invented a power loom for weaving "Brussels" (i.e. pictorial tapestry) and velvet tapestry carpets, his most important invention, which attracted much attention at ...
The Roberts loom was a cast-iron power loom introduced by Richard Roberts in 1830. It was the first loom that was more viable [how?] than a hand loom and was easily adjustable and reliable, which led to its widespread use in the Lancashire cotton industry.
A Roberts loom in a weaving shed in 1835. Note the wrought iron shafting, fixed to the cast iron columns. In 1830, using an 1822 patent, Richard Roberts manufactured the first loom with a cast-iron frame, the Roberts Loom. [11] In 1842 James Bullough and William Kenworthy, made the Lancashire Loom. It is a semiautomatic power loom. Although it ...
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