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Narcolepsy is a chronic neurological disorder that impairs the ability to regulate sleep–wake cycles, and specifically impacts REM (rapid eye movement) sleep. [1] The pentad symptoms of narcolepsy include excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), sleep-related hallucinations, sleep paralysis, disturbed nocturnal sleep (DNS), and cataplexy. [1]
McLaren et al. [16] validated the Sleep Condition Indicator - a brief self-report measure of insomnia [17] - for use after stroke, and found the optimal diagnostic cut-off to be lower after stroke (≤13) than is conventional in the general population (≤16). There is no explicit treatment for sleep disorders following TBI.
Brain injury can occur at the site of impact, but can also be at the opposite side of the skull due to a contrecoup effect (the impact to the head can cause the brain to move within the skull, causing the brain to impact the interior of the skull opposite the head-impact). While impact on the brain at the same site of injury to the skull is the ...
Causes Narcolepsy , idiopathic hypersomnia , circadian rhythm sleep disorder , sleep apnea , others Excessive daytime sleepiness ( EDS ) is characterized by persistent sleepiness and often a general lack of energy, even during the day after apparently adequate or even prolonged nighttime sleep.
The specific causes of neurological problems vary but can include genetic disorders, congenital abnormalities or disorders, infections, lifestyle, or environmental health problems such as pollution, malnutrition, brain damage, spinal cord injury, nerve injury, or gluten sensitivity (with or without intestinal damage or digestive symptoms).
Cerebral infarction, also known as an ischemic stroke, is the pathologic process that results in an area of necrotic tissue in the brain (cerebral infarct). [1] In mid to high income countries, a stroke is the main reason for disability among people and the 2nd cause of death. [2]
A recent study found that adults 50 and older have a higher risk of heart attack or stroke within two weeks after catching the flu. Even a mild case of the flu can double the risk of heart attack ...
Cataplexy without narcolepsy is rare and the cause is unknown. The term cataplexy originates from the Greek κατά ( kata , meaning "down"), and πλῆξις ( plēxis , meaning "strike") [ 4 ] and it was first used around 1880 in German physiology literature to describe the phenomenon of tonic immobility also known as " playing possum " (in ...
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