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The microwave auditory effect, also known as the microwave hearing effect or the Frey effect, consists of the human perception of sounds induced by pulsed or modulated radio frequencies. The perceived sounds are generated directly inside the human head without the need of any receiving electronic device.
Since at least the 1990s, scientists have researched whether the now-ubiquitous radiation associated with mobile phone antennas or cell phone towers is affecting human health. [1] Mobile phone networks use various bands of RF radiation, some of which overlap with the microwave range.
Since 1962, the microwave auditory effect or tinnitus has been shown from radio frequency exposure at levels below significant heating. [34] Studies during the 1960s in Europe and Russia claimed to show effects on humans, especially the nervous system, from low energy RF radiation; the studies were disputed at the time. [35] [36]
The depth of penetration depends on the frequency of the microwaves and the tissue type. The Active Denial System ("pain ray") is a less-lethal directed energy weapon that employs a microwave beam at 95 GHz; a two-second burst of the 95 GHz focused beam heats the skin to a temperature of 130 °F (54 °C) at a depth of 1/64th of an inch (0.4 mm) and is claimed to cause skin pain without lasting ...
Putting a non-microwave-safe material in a microwave oven can lead to chemicals leaching into your food (not good) or the melting of the container, which can lead to burns — or, at the very ...
For these thermal effects, frequency is important as it affects the intensity of the radiation and penetration into the organism (for example, microwaves penetrate better than infrared). It is widely accepted that low frequency fields that are too weak to cause significant heating could not possibly have any biological effect.
SAR limits set by law do not consider that the human body is particularly sensitive to the power peaks or frequencies responsible for the microwave hearing effect. [4] [5] Frey reports that the microwave hearing effect occurs with average power density exposures of 400 μW/cm 2, well below SAR limits (as set by government regulations). [4] Notes:
Eleanor Reed Adair (November 11, 1926 – April 20, 2013) [1] was an American physiologist who studied the effects of electromagnetic radiation on humans. She is best known for performing the first human studies demonstrating the safety of microwave radiation.