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The Alhambra (/ æ l ˈ h æ m b r ə /, Spanish:; Arabic: الْحَمْرَاء, romanized: al-ḥamrāʼ ) is a palace and fortress complex located in Granada, Spain.It is one of the most famous monuments of Islamic architecture and one of the best-preserved palaces of the historic Islamic world.
The Dutch artist M. C. Escher was inspired by the Alhambra's intricate decorative designs to study the mathematics of tessellation, transforming his style and influencing the rest of his artistic career. [60] [61] In his own words it was "the richest source of inspiration I have ever tapped." [62]
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The word jewellery itself is derived from the word jewel, which was anglicised from the Old French "jouel", [2] and beyond that, to the Latin word "jocale", meaning plaything. In British English, Indian English, New Zealand English, Hiberno-English, Australian English, and South African English it is spelled jewellery. At the same time, the ...
The arts of jewelry and hardstone carving of gemstones, such as jasper, jade, adorned with rubies, diamonds and emeralds are mentioned by the Mughal chronicler Abu'l Fazl, and a range of examples survive; the series of hard stone daggers in the form of horses' heads is particularly impressive.
For example, Muhammad V spent his exile between 1359 and 1362 living in Fez under the protection of the Marinid court, while the Abd al-Wadid ruler Abu Hammu Musa II (r. 1353–1389), a close friend of Muhammad V, was born in Granada and lived there until the age of 29. [20]
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In carved Arabic inscriptions, for example, flowers and leaves were added to embellish the letters. One of the finest examples from this period is the mihrab of the al-Juyushi Mosque. [4] [2] After this period, stucco decoration became less important and only occasional examples are attested under Mamluk rule, most of it in Cairo.