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In the elderly, long-term benzodiazepine therapy is a risk factor for amplifying cognitive decline, [29] although gradual withdrawal is associated with improved cognitive status. [30] A study of alprazolam found that 8 weeks administration of alprazolam resulted in deficits that were detectable after several weeks but not after 3.5 years. [31]
Lorazepam, sold under the brand name Ativan among others, is a benzodiazepine medication. [14] It is used to treat anxiety (including anxiety disorders ), trouble sleeping , severe agitation , active seizures including status epilepticus , alcohol withdrawal , and chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting . [ 14 ]
However, combining these drugs with alcohol, opiates or tricyclic antidepressants markedly raises the toxicity. [22] [162] [163] The elderly are more sensitive to the side effects of benzodiazepines, and poisoning may even occur from their long-term use. [164]
Drug Name Common Trade Names [a] Year Approved Typical Oral Dosage Formulations (mg) Approx. Equivalent Oral Dose to 10 mg Diazepam [b] (mg) Peak Onset of Action (hours) Elimination Half-life of Active Metabolite (hours) Primary Therapeutic Use Adinazolam: Deracyn: Research chemical: 1–2: 3: anxiolytic, antidepressant: Alprazolam
The most difficult part of Maples’ experience to evaluate concerns her medication. Her records show she was given morphine, along with Ativan, a type of sedative, and Haldol, a powerful antipsychotic drug. All three medications are contained in the “comfort pack” that hospices ship to a patient’s house on admission.
Keppra (levetiracetam) – an anticonvulsant drug which is sometimes used as a mood stabilizer and has potential benefits for other psychiatric and neurologic conditions such as Tourette syndrome, anxiety disorder, and Alzheimer's disease; Klonopin – anti-anxiety and anti-epileptic medication of the benzodiazepine class
The elderly are particularly sensitive to the adverse effects of hypnotic medications. A clinical trial in elderly people dependent on benzodiazepine hypnotics showed that the addition of CBT to a gradual benzodiazepine reduction program increased the success rate of discontinuing benzodiazepine hypnotic drugs from 38% to 77% and at the 12 ...
The recommended dose of Tylenol for adults is 325 to 650 milligrams every four to six hours. You should not have more than 3,000 to 4,000 milligrams of Tylenol in a span of 24 hours, recommends Walia.