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The Iroquoian languages are a language family of indigenous peoples of North America. They are known for their general lack of labial consonants . The Iroquoian languages are polysynthetic and head-marking .
Pre-contact distribution of Iroquoian languages. The Iroquoian peoples are an ethnolinguistic group of peoples from eastern North America.Their traditional territories, often referred to by scholars as Iroquoia, [1] stretch from the mouth of the St. Lawrence River in the north, to modern-day North Carolina in the south.
Iroquois oral history tells the beginning of the False Face tradition. According to the accounts, the Creator Shöñgwaia'dihsum ('our creator' in Onondaga), blessed with healing powers in response to his love of living things, encountered a stranger, referred to in Onondaga as Ethiso:da' ('our grandfather') or Hado'ih (IPA:), and challenged him in a competition to see who could move a mountain.
The Onondaga Nation was crucial in forming the Iroquois League which led them to be very well revered by their peers. The "Tree of Peace" was planted on Onondaga Land. [14] Onondaga has been regarded as the capital of Iroquois land. The Onondaga were known as the Central Fire-Keepers of the Confederacy. [14]
Wendat is an Iroquoian language. Early 21st-century research in linguistics and archaeology confirm a historical connection between the Wendat and the St. Lawrence Iroquois. [11] But all of the Iroquoian-speaking peoples shared some aspects of their culture, including the Erie people, any or all of the later Haudenosaunee, and the Susquehannock.
Linguistic studies indicate that the St. Lawrence Iroquoians probably spoke several distinct dialects of their language, often referred to as Laurentian. It is one of several languages of the Iroquoian language family, which includes Mohawk, Huron-Wyandot and Cherokee. Jacques Cartier made sparse records during his voyage in 1535-1536.
The Meherrin spoke the Meherrin language, which is most likely an Iroquian language. [1] This designation is based on their close relationships to the Iroquoian-speaking Tuscarora and Nottoway. [3] Linguistic evidence indicates that these three groups share a common ancestry and likely all spoke the same Iroquoian language or similar dialects.
The Nottoway language is an Iroquoian language.It became extinct well before 1900. [7] At the time of European contact in 1650, speakers numbered only in the hundreds. From then until 1735, a number of colonists learned the language and acted as official interpreters for the Colony of Virginia, including Thomas Blunt, Henry Briggs, and Thomas Wynn.