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  2. Linear programming - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_programming

    Every linear programming problem, referred to as a primal problem, can be converted into a dual problem, which provides an upper bound to the optimal value of the primal problem. In matrix form, we can express the primal problem as: Maximize c T x subject to Ax ≤ b, x ≥ 0; with the corresponding symmetric dual problem,

  3. HiGHS optimization solver - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HiGHS_optimization_solver

    Written in C++ and published under an MIT license, HiGHS provides programming interfaces to C, Python, Julia, Rust, R, JavaScript, Fortran, and C#. It has no external dependencies. A convenient thin wrapper to Python is available via the highspy PyPI package. Although generally single-threaded, some solver components can utilize multi-core ...

  4. Coordinate descent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coordinate_descent

    Coordinate descent is an optimization algorithm that successively minimizes along coordinate directions to find the minimum of a function.At each iteration, the algorithm determines a coordinate or coordinate block via a coordinate selection rule, then exactly or inexactly minimizes over the corresponding coordinate hyperplane while fixing all other coordinates or coordinate blocks.

  5. List of common coordinate transformations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_common_coordinate...

    Let (x, y, z) be the standard Cartesian coordinates, and (ρ, θ, φ) the spherical coordinates, with θ the angle measured away from the +Z axis (as , see conventions in spherical coordinates). As φ has a range of 360° the same considerations as in polar (2 dimensional) coordinates apply whenever an arctangent of it is taken. θ has a range ...

  6. Z-order curve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z-order_curve

    The Z-ordering can be used to efficiently build a quadtree (2D) or octree (3D) for a set of points. [4] [5] The basic idea is to sort the input set according to Z-order.Once sorted, the points can either be stored in a binary search tree and used directly, which is called a linear quadtree, [6] or they can be used to build a pointer based quadtree.

  7. Parsons problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parsons_problem

    Parsons problems are a form of an objective assessment in which respondents are asked to choose from a selection of code fragments, some subset of which comprise the problem solution. The Parsons problem format is used in the learning and teaching of computer programming .

  8. Computer programming - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_programming

    The academic field and the engineering practice of computer programming are concerned with discovering and implementing the most efficient algorithms for a given class of problems. For this purpose, algorithms are classified into orders using Big O notation , which expresses resource use—such as execution time or memory consumption—in terms ...

  9. Quadratic programming - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadratic_programming

    The quadratic programming problem with n variables and m constraints can be formulated as follows. [2] Given: a real-valued, n-dimensional vector c, an n×n-dimensional real symmetric matrix Q, an m×n-dimensional real matrix A, and; an m-dimensional real vector b, the objective of quadratic programming is to find an n-dimensional vector x ...