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  2. Haidinger's brush - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haidinger's_brush

    One such apparatus utilises a rotating polarised plate backlit with a bright white light. Wearing blue spectacles (to enhance the Haidinger's brush image) and an occluder over the other eye, the user will hopefully notice the Haidinger's brush where their macula correlates with their visual field. The goal of the training is for the user to ...

  3. Subjective refraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subjective_refraction

    An occluder is placed over the eye that is not being tested (e.g.: over the left eye, to test the right eye's vision). A pinhole occluder is then placed before the patient's eye, and their vision is then tested again (each eye separately) to determine if the patient's poor visual acuity is a result of optical irregularities, or pathological issues.

  4. Pinhole occluder - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinhole_occluder

    A pinhole occluder is an opaque disk with one or more small holes through it, used by ophthalmologists, orthoptists and optometrists to test visual acuity. The occluder is a simple way to focus light, as in a pinhole camera, temporarily removing the effects of refractive errors such as myopia. Because light passes only through the center of the ...

  5. Pinhole (optics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinhole_(optics)

    This effect is also used in pinhole occluders, which are used by ophthalmologists, orthoptists, and optometrists to test visual acuity. The same principle has also been applied as an alternative to corrective lenses: a screen of pinholes is mounted on an eyeglass frame and worn as pinhole glasses.

  6. Oculesics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oculesics

    Oculesics is one form of nonverbal communication, which is the transmission and reception of meaning between communicators without the use of words.Nonverbal communication can include the environment around the communicators, the physical attributes or characteristics of the communicators, and the communicators' behavior of the communicators.

  7. Visual communication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_communication

    Aldous Huxley is regarded as one of the most prominent explorers of visual communication and sight-related theories. [12] Becoming near-blind in his teen years as the result of an illness influenced his approach, and his work includes important novels on the dehumanizing aspects of scientific progress, most famously Brave New World and The Art of Seeing.

  8. Optical communication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_communication

    A replica of a Chappe telegraph tower (18th century). A 'semaphore telegraph', also called a 'semaphore line', 'optical telegraph', 'shutter telegraph chain', 'Chappe telegraph', or 'Napoleonic semaphore', is a system used for conveying information by means of visual signals, using towers with pivoting arms or shutters, also known as blades or paddles.

  9. Communication in aquatic animals - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communication_in_aquatic...

    Aquatic animals use visual signals such as movement, postures, colouration, patterns and size. A change in these visual traits can also be considered a signal. Coastal or oceanic species are more likely to use visual signals than species inhabiting the riverine or turbid environment, due to the poor light transmission in turbid areas or in ...