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  2. Transformer (deep learning architecture) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformer_(deep_learning...

    Transformer architecture is now used alongside many generative models that contribute to the ongoing AI boom. In language modelling, ELMo (2018) was a bi-directional LSTM that produces contextualized word embeddings, improving upon the line of research from bag of words and word2vec. It was followed by BERT (2018), an encoder-only Transformer ...

  3. Generative pre-trained transformer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generative_pre-trained...

    This was optimized into the transformer architecture, published by Google researchers in Attention Is All You Need (2017). [27] That development led to the emergence of large language models such as BERT (2018) [28] which was a pre-trained transformer (PT) but not designed to be generative (BERT was an "encoder-only" model).

  4. Attention Is All You Need - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attention_Is_All_You_Need

    Transformer architecture is now used alongside many generative models that contribute to the ongoing AI boom. In language modelling, ELMo (2018) was a bi-directional LSTM that produces contextualized word embeddings, improving upon the line of research from bag of words and word2vec. It was followed by BERT (2018), an encoder-only Transformer ...

  5. BERT (language model) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BERT_(language_model)

    High-level schematic diagram of BERT. It takes in a text, tokenizes it into a sequence of tokens, add in optional special tokens, and apply a Transformer encoder. The hidden states of the last layer can then be used as contextual word embeddings. BERT is an "encoder-only" transformer architecture. At a high level, BERT consists of 4 modules:

  6. Generative adversarial network - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generative_adversarial_network

    Transformer GAN (TransGAN): [31] Uses the pure transformer architecture for both the generator and discriminator, entirely devoid of convolution-deconvolution layers. Flow-GAN: [ 32 ] Uses flow-based generative model for the generator, allowing efficient computation of the likelihood function.

  7. Generative artificial intelligence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generative_artificial...

    Generative artificial intelligence (generative AI, GenAI, [1] or GAI) is a subset of artificial intelligence that uses generative models to produce text, images, videos, or other forms of data. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] These models learn the underlying patterns and structures of their training data and use them to produce new data [ 5 ] [ 6 ] based on ...

  8. Vision transformer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vision_transformer

    A vision transformer (ViT) is a transformer designed for computer vision. [1] A ViT decomposes an input image into a series of patches (rather than text into tokens ), serializes each patch into a vector, and maps it to a smaller dimension with a single matrix multiplication .

  9. GPT-2 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPT-2

    GPT-2 has, like its predecessor GPT-1 and its successors GPT-3 and GPT-4, a generative pre-trained transformer architecture, implementing a deep neural network, specifically a transformer model, [6] which uses attention instead of older recurrence- and convolution-based architectures.