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  2. Early childhood intervention - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_childhood_intervention

    Early childhood intervention came about as a natural progression from special education for children with disabilities (Guralnick, 1997). Many early childhood intervention support services began as research units in universities (for example, Syracuse University in the United States and Macquarie University in Australia) while others were developed out of organizations helping older children.

  3. Developmental disorder - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developmental_disorder

    The scientific study of the causes of developmental disorders involves many theories. Some of the major differences between these theories involves whether environment disrupts normal development, if abnormalities are pre-determined, or if they are products of human evolutionary history which become disorders in modern environments (see evolutionary psychiatry). [5]

  4. Early Head Start - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_Head_Start

    Early Start is California’s response to federal legislation ensuring that services to eligible infants and toddlers are coordinated and family-centered. It is a statewide system of early intervention services for infants and toddlers from birth to 36 months of age. This program is coordinated by regional centers and public school districts. [6]

  5. Environmental toxicants and fetal development - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_toxicants...

    A 2013 review of 27 studies on prenatal and early childhood exposures to organophosphate pesticides found all but one showed negative neurodevelopmental outcomes. In the ten studies that assessed prenatal exposure, "cognitive deficits (related to working memory) were found in children at age 7 years, behavioral deficits (related to attention ...

  6. Preterm birth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preterm_birth

    A large study followed children born between 22 and 25 weeks until the age of 6 years old. Of these children, 46% had moderate to severe disabilities such as cerebral palsy, vision or hearing loss and learning disabilities, 34% had mild disabilities, and 20% had no disabilities; 12% had disabling cerebral palsy. [192]

  7. Reading for special needs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reading_for_special_needs

    A newer model for reading development, the "emergent literacy" or "early literacy" model, purports that children begin reading from birth and that learning to read is an interactive process based on children's exposure to literate activities. It is under this new model that children with developmental disabilities and special needs have been ...

  8. Least restrictive environment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Least_restrictive_environment

    Common learning disabilities include dyslexia, dyscalculia, dysgraphia, auditory and visual processing disorders, and nonverbal learning disabilities. Early intervention is valuable for all disability categories but given the high frequency of students with learning disabilities, it is even more valuable. 80% of students with a learning ...

  9. Special education in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_education_in_the...

    Special education in the United States enables students with exceptional learning needs to access resources through special education programs. "The idea of excluding students with any disability from public school education can be traced back to 1893, when the Massachusetts Supreme Court expelled a student merely due to poor academic ability". [1]