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Basic diagram of the circular flow of income. The functioning of the free-market economic system is represented with firms and households and interaction back and forth. [2] The circular flow of income or circular flow is a model of the economy in which the major exchanges are represented as flows of money, goods and services, etc. between ...
An economic model is a theoretical construct representing economic processes by a set of variables and a set of logical and/or quantitative relationships between them. The economic model is a simplified, often mathematical, framework designed to illustrate complex processes. Frequently, economic models posit structural parameters. [1]
The Phillips Machine, also known as the MONIAC (Monetary National Income Analogue Computer), Phillips Hydraulic Computer and the Financephalograph, is an analogue computer which uses fluidic logic to model the workings of an economy. The name "MONIAC" is suggested by associating money and ENIAC, an early electronic digital computer.
Circulation model of economic flows for a closed market economy. In this model the use of natural resources and the generation of waste (like greenhouse gases) is not included. An economic system, or economic order, [1] is a system of production, resource allocation and distribution of goods and services within a society.
The iceberg transport cost model is a commonly used, simple economic model of transportation costs. It relates transport costs linearly with distance, and pays these costs by extracting from the arriving volume. The model is attributed to Paul Samuelson's 1954 article in Deardorffs' Glossary of International Economics. [1]
The supply and demand model describes how prices vary as a result of a balance between product availability and demand. The graph depicts an increase (that is, right-shift) in demand from D 1 to D 2 along with the consequent increase in price and quantity required to reach a new equilibrium point on the supply curve (S).
Macroeconomics – branch of economics dealing with the performance, structure, behavior, and decision-making of an economy as a whole, rather than individual markets. Microeconomics – branch of economics that studies the behavior of individuals and firms in making decisions regarding the allocation of limited resources.
A macroeconomic model is an analytical tool designed to describe the operation of the problems of economy of a country or a region. These models are usually designed to examine the comparative statics and dynamics of aggregate quantities such as the total amount of goods and services produced, total income earned, the level of employment of productive resources, and the level of prices.