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Corynebacterium (/ k ɔː ˈ r aɪ n ə b æ k ˌ t ɪər i ə m,-ˈ r ɪ n-/) is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria and most are aerobic. They are bacilli (rod-shaped), and in some phases of life they are, more specifically, club -shaped, which inspired the genus name ( coryneform means "club-shaped").
Appearance of C. xerosis colonies on blood agar. Corynebacterium xerosis is a gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium in the genus Corynebacterium.Although it is frequently a harmless commensal organism living on the skin and in the mucous membranes, C. xerosis is also a clinically relevant opportunistic pathogen that has been attributed to many different infections in animals and humans.
The hemolysis of some weakly beta-hemolytic organisms is enhanced when streaked close to certain beta hemolytic strains of Staphylococcus aureus. This phenomenon is the mechanism behind the CAMP test , [ 2 ] a test that was historically used for the identification of Streptococcus agalactiae and Listeria monocytogenes . [ 3 ]
Corynebacterium diphtheriae [a] is a Gram-positive pathogenic bacterium that causes diphtheria. [2] It is also known as the Klebs–Löffler bacillus because it was discovered in 1884 by German bacteriologists Edwin Klebs (1834–1912) and Friedrich Löffler (1852–1915). [ 3 ]
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is a Gram-positive bacterium known to infect ruminants, horses, and – rarely – people. It is a facultative anaerobic organism that is catalase -positive and capable of beta-hemolysis .
It was known for several decades as Corynebacterium haemolyticum; controversies regarding classification were resolved in 1982 when a new genus, Arcanobacterium, was created by Collins et al. [4] [5] to reclassify Corynebacterium haemolyticum on the basis of its peptidoglycan, fatty acid, and DNA characteristics.
Diphtheria is an infection caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae. [2] Most infections are asymptomatic or have a mild clinical course, but in some outbreaks, the mortality rate approaches 10%. [1] Signs and symptoms may vary from mild to severe, [1] and usually start two to five days after exposure. [2]
The primary value of Loeffler medium is in the growth and morphological characterization of members of the genus Corynebacterium. This formulation enhances the formation of metachromatic granules within the cells of the organisms. Due to its serum content, Loeffler medium can be used for the determination of proteolytic activities of ...