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Xuanzang then describes the surviving monasteries in Sagala with hundreds of Buddhist monks, along with its three colossal stupas, each over 200 feet tall, two built by Ashoka. [39] Xuanzang visited the country of Chinabhukti next, which he states got its name because a region west of the Yellow river was a vassal state of Emperor Kanishka.
The Records of the Western Regions, also known by its Chinese name as the Datang Xiyuji or Da Tang Xiyu Ji and by various other translations and Romanized transcriptions, is a narrative of the Chinese Buddhist monk Xuanzang's nineteen-year journey from Tang China through the Western Regions to medieval India and back during the mid-7th century CE.
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Xuanzang travelled around India between 630 and 643 CE, [72] visiting Nalanda in 637 and 642, spending a total of around two years at the monastery. [73] He was warmly welcomed in Nalanda where he received the Indian name of Mokshadeva [ 74 ] and studied under the guidance of Shilabhadra , the venerable head of the institution at the time.
Xuanzang was tutored in the Yogācāra teachings by Śīlabhadra for several years at Nālandā. Upon his return from India, Xuanzang brought with him a wagon-load of Buddhist texts, including important Yogācāra works such as the Yogācārabhūmi-śastra. [10] In total, Xuanzang had procured 657 Buddhist texts from India. [6]
Shiladitya of "Mo-la-po" (identified as Malwa) was a 6th-century king of India, known only from the writings of the 7th-century Chinese traveler Xuanzang.Several modern scholars identify this king as the Maitraka king Shiladitya I alias Dharmaditya, although alternative theories exist.
A depiction of the Chinese monk Xuanzang on his journey to India. The monastery was once famous for holding a skull relic [2] of Xuanzang who died in 664, [3] however, the relic was presented to India in 1956 when it was taken to Nalanda - allegedly by the Dalai Lama - and presented to India. The relic is now in the Patna museum. [4]
Xuanzang entered India from the north-west route and his biographer clearly locates Udyana's capital in North-West. [3] Faxian, who also came from that pass clearly says that Udyana lay in the north on the Swat river .