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The Pythagorean theorem has at least 370 known proofs. [1]In mathematics and formal logic, a theorem is a statement that has been proven, or can be proven. [a] [2] [3] The proof of a theorem is a logical argument that uses the inference rules of a deductive system to establish that the theorem is a logical consequence of the axioms and previously proved theorems.
Löb's theorem (mathematical logic) Lochs's theorem (number theory) Looman–Menchoff theorem (complex analysis) Łoś' theorem (model theory) Lovelock's theorem ; Löwenheim–Skolem theorem (mathematical logic) Lucas's theorem (number theory) Lukacs's proportion-sum independence theorem (probability) Lumer–Phillips theorem (semigroup theory)
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2. Kleene's recursion theorem recursive definition A definition of a function, set, or other mathematical object that is defined in terms of itself, using a base case and a rule for generating subsequent elements. recursive function
In mathematical logic, a theory (also called a formal theory) is a set of sentences in a formal language. In most scenarios a deductive system is first understood from context, after which an element ϕ ∈ T {\displaystyle \phi \in T} of a deductively closed theory T {\displaystyle T} is then called a theorem of the theory.
First-order logic—also called predicate logic, predicate calculus, quantificational logic—is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. First-order logic uses quantified variables over non-logical objects, and allows the use of sentences that contain variables.
This glossary of biology terms is a list of definitions of fundamental terms and concepts used in biology, the study of life and of living organisms.It is intended as introductory material for novices; for more specific and technical definitions from sub-disciplines and related fields, see Glossary of cell biology, Glossary of genetics, Glossary of evolutionary biology, Glossary of ecology ...
A term that doesn't contain any variables is called a ground term; a term that doesn't contain multiple occurrences of a variable is called a linear term. For example, 2+2 is a ground term and hence also a linear term, x⋅(n+1) is a linear term, n⋅(n+1) is a non-linear term. These properties are important in, for example, term rewriting.