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Let () be a polynomial equation, where P is a univariate polynomial of degree n. If one divides all coefficients of P by its leading coefficient, one obtains a new polynomial equation that has the same solutions and consists to equate to zero a monic polynomial. For example, the equation
The characteristic equation, also known as the determinantal equation, [1] [2] [3] ... which is a monic polynomial in x of degree n if A is a n ...
In linear algebra, the Frobenius companion matrix of the monic polynomial = + + + + is ... An inhomogeneous equation + ...
Given a quadratic polynomial of the form + + it is possible to factor out the coefficient a, and then complete the square for the resulting monic polynomial. Example: + + = [+ +] = [(+) +] = (+) + = (+) + This process of factoring out the coefficient a can further be simplified by only factorising it out of the first 2 terms.
In linear algebra, the minimal polynomial μ A of an n × n matrix A over a field F is the monic polynomial P over F of least degree such that P(A) = 0. Any other polynomial Q with Q(A) = 0 is a (polynomial) multiple of μ A. The following three statements are equivalent: λ is a root of μ A, λ is a root of the characteristic polynomial χ A ...
This equation immediately gives the k-th Newton identity in k variables. Since this is an identity of symmetric polynomials (homogeneous) of degree k, its validity for any number of variables follows from its validity for k variables. Concretely, the identities in n < k variables can be deduced by setting k − n variables to zero.
The minimal polynomial f of α is unique.. To prove this, suppose that f and g are monic polynomials in J α of minimal degree n > 0. We have that r := f−g ∈ J α (because the latter is closed under addition/subtraction) and that m := deg(r) < n (because the polynomials are monic of the same degree).
Let n be a positive integer, which will be the degree of the equation that we will consider, and (X 1, ..., X n) an ordered list of indeterminates.According to Vieta's formulas this defines the generic monic polynomial of degree n = + = = = (), where E i is the i th elementary symmetric polynomial.