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Crystal is a transparent mineral resembling glass, most probably a variety of quartz. Job places it in the same category with gold, onyx, sapphire, glass, coral, topaz, etc. The Targum renders the qrt of Ezech. as "ice"; the other versions translate it as "crystal". Crystal is again mentioned in Apoc., iv, 6; xxi, 11; xxii, 1.
Galling is caused by a combination of friction and adhesion between the surfaces, followed by slipping and tearing of crystal structure beneath the surface. [2] This will generally leave some material stuck or even friction welded to the adjacent surface, whereas the galled material may appear gouged with balled-up or torn lumps of material ...
Red zircon from Gilgit, Pakistan. Jacinth (/ ˈ dʒ æ s ɪ n θ /, [1] / ˈ dʒ eɪ s ɪ n θ /) [2] or hyacinth (/ ˈ h aɪ. ə s ɪ n θ /) [3] is a yellow-red to red-brown variety of zircon used as a gemstone.
The original element of the work is a circular disc of clear quartz ("rock crystal"), measuring 11.5 centimetres (4.5 in) in diameter. This is engraved in intaglio with eight scenes depicting the story of Susanna and the Elders, related in the Book of Daniel (but regarded as part of the Apocrypha by Protestants). [2]
According to the Bible, the steles were specifically placed in a circle at Gilgal, where the heads of each tribe stood at the meeting that the Twelve Tribes had with Joshua as their leader immediately following the crossing of the Jordan River into the land of Israel (Joshua 4:1–11)). [2]
Illustration of Jacob's dream in the Book of Genesis Supposed site of Jacob's rest in Beit El, Binyamin district, as theorised by Zev Vilnay. The Stone of Jacob appears in the Book of Genesis as the stone used as a pillow by the Israelite patriarch Jacob at the place later called Bet-El.
The Bible refers to this place as Givat Ha'aralot, then says that Joshua called the place Gilgal because, in his words, "today I have removed (galoti) the shame of Egypt from upon you." [ 4 ] Some scholars speculate that the circle of 12 stones was the (unnamed) religious sanctuary that was condemned in Amos 4 :4 and 5 :5 and Hosea 4 :15.
In the Hebrew-Interlinear Bible, the verse reads, "not you shall augur and not you shall consult cloud". [citation needed] Deuteronomy 18:10 "let no one be found among you who [qasam qesem], performs [onan], [nahash], or [kashaph] ". [3] qasam qesem literally means distributes distributions, and may possibly refer to cleromancy.