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In a real spring–mass system, the spring has a non-negligible mass.Since not all of the spring's length moves at the same velocity as the suspended mass (for example the point completely opposed to the mass , at the other end of the spring, is not moving at all), its kinetic energy is not equal to .
where is the kinetic energy and is the potential energy. Hooke's law is the potential energy of the spring itself: = where is the spring constant. The potential energy from gravity, on the other hand, is determined by the height of the mass. For a given angle and displacement, the potential energy is:
While some of the energy transferred can end up stored as the kinetic energy of acquired velocity, the deformation of component objects results in stored elastic energy. A prototypical elastic component is a coiled spring. The linear elastic performance of a spring is parametrized by a constant of proportionality, called the spring constant.
In simple harmonic motion of a spring-mass system, energy will fluctuate between kinetic energy and potential energy, but the total energy of the system remains the same. A spring that obeys Hooke's Law with spring constant k will have a total system energy E of: [14] = ()
When the spring is stretched or compressed, kinetic energy of the mass gets converted into potential energy of the spring. By conservation of energy, assuming the datum is defined at the equilibrium position, when the spring reaches its maximal potential energy, the kinetic energy of the mass is zero. When the spring is released, it tries to ...
A torsion spring is a spring that works by twisting its end along its axis; that is, a flexible elastic object that stores mechanical energy when it is twisted. When it is twisted, it exerts a torque in the opposite direction, proportional to the amount (angle) it is twisted.
Kinetic energy is the movement energy of an object. Kinetic energy can be transferred between objects and transformed into other kinds of energy. [10] Kinetic energy may be best understood by examples that demonstrate how it is transformed to and from other forms of energy.
In the animation with the two circling masses there is a back and forth oscillation of kinetic energy and potential energy. When the spring is at its maximal extension then the potential energy is largest, when the angular velocity is at its maximum the kinetic energy is at largest. With a real spring there is friction involved.