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In chemical nomenclature, the IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry is a method of naming organic chemical compounds as recommended [1] [2] by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). It is published in the Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry (informally called the Blue Book). [3] Ideally, every possible organic compound ...
IUPAC nomenclature is used for the naming of chemical compounds, based on their chemical composition and their structure. [1] For example, one can deduce that 1-chloropropane has a Chlorine atom on the first carbon in the 3-carbon propane chain.
Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry, commonly referred to by chemists as the Blue Book, is a collection of recommendations on organic chemical nomenclature published at irregular intervals by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC).
This naming method generally follows established IUPAC organic nomenclature. Hydrides of the main group elements (groups 13–17) are given the base name ending with -ane , e.g. borane ( B H 3 ), oxidane ( H 2 O ), phosphane ( P H 3 ) (Although the name phosphine is also in common use, it is not recommended by IUPAC).
The numerical multiplier (or multiplying affix) in IUPAC nomenclature indicates how many particular atoms or functional groups are attached at a particular point in a molecule. The affixes are derived from both Latin and Greek .
A full edition was published in 1979, [2] an abridged and updated version of which was published in 1993 as A Guide to IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Compounds. [3] Both of these are now out-of-print in their paper versions, but are available free of charge in electronic versions.
An IUPAC name is a systematic name that meets the recommended IUPAC rules. IUPAC names include retained names. A general IUPAC name is any IUPAC name that is not a "preferred IUPAC name". A retained name is a traditional or otherwise often used name, usually a trivial name, that may be used in IUPAC nomenclature. [7]
The systematic IUPAC name is not always the preferred IUPAC name, for example, lactic acid is a common, and also the preferred, name for what systematic rules call 2-hydroxypropanoic acid. This list is ordered by the number of carbon atoms in a carboxylic acid.