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The Anglo–Powhatan Wars were three wars fought between settlers of the Colony of Virginia and the Powhatan People of Tsenacommacah in the early 17th century. The first war started in 1609 and ended in a peace settlement in 1614. [1] The second war lasted from 1622 to 1632.
The Indian massacre of 1622 took place in the English colony of Virginia on March 22, 1621/22 ().English explorer John Smith, though he was not an eyewitness, wrote in his History of Virginia that warriors of the Powhatan "came unarmed into our houses with deer, turkeys, fish, fruits, and other provisions to sell us"; [2] they then grabbed any tools or weapons available and killed all English ...
In 1619, Opechancanough sent Nemattanew to propose that the English colonists contribute eight to ten soldiers to accompany a Powhatan war party for an assault on a Siouan-speaking tribe above the Fall Line to avenge some Powhatan women they had slain. In return, the Powhatans would equally share all plundered captives, corn and territory with ...
Various tribes each held some individual powers locally, and each had a chief known as a weroance (male) or, more rarely, a weroansqua (female), meaning "commander". [13]As early as the era of John Smith, the individual tribes of this grouping were recognized by English colonists as falling under the greater authority of the centralized power led by the chiefdom of Powhatan (c. 1545 – c ...
In February 1644 Opechancanough, then Paramount Chief of the Powhatan Confederacy (Tsenacommacah), made a final attempt to drive English colonists from Virginia. This was the beginning of a 2 + 1 ⁄ 2-year period of conflict between English colonists and the Indians of Virginia, known as the Third Anglo-Powhatan War. By 1646 Opechancanough ...
The Powhatan Confederacy attempted two other wars against the English, including the Second Powhatan War which was initiated by the Massacre of 1622 and the Third Powhatan War which broke out as a result of another surprise massacre of the colony's women and children. However, each attack was met with stiff resistance, a counter-offensive ...
French and Indian War (1754–63) Part of the Seven Years' War Great Britain. British America; Iroquois Confederacy Catawba Cherokee (until 1758) France New France; Wabanaki Confederacy. Abenaki; Mi'kmaw militia; Algonquin Lenape Ojibwa Ottawa Shawnee Wyandot. Anglo-Cherokee War (1758–61) Part of the Seven Years' War Great Britain: Cherokee ...
As Chief Powhatan's younger brother (or possibly half-brother), he was sachem [7] of a tribe situated along the Pamunkey River near the present-day town of West Point. [ citation needed ] Known to be strongly opposed to European settlers, he captured Captain John Smith along the Chickahominy River and brought him before Chief Powhatan at ...