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  2. Dirichlet's approximation theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirichlet's_approximation...

    In his Essai sur la théorie des nombres (1798), Adrien-Marie Legendre derives a necessary and sufficient condition for a rational number to be a convergent of the simple continued fraction of a given real number. [4] A consequence of this criterion, often called Legendre's theorem within the study of continued fractions, is as follows: [5 ...

  3. Rational number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rational_number

    In mathematics, "rational" is often used as a noun abbreviating "rational number". The adjective rational sometimes means that the coefficients are rational numbers. For example, a rational point is a point with rational coordinates (i.e., a point whose coordinates are rational numbers); a rational matrix is a matrix of rational numbers; a rational polynomial may be a polynomial with rational ...

  4. Dirichlet function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirichlet_function

    For any real number x and any positive rational number T, (+) = (). The Dirichlet function is therefore an example of a real periodic function which is not constant but whose set of periods, the set of rational numbers, is a dense subset of R {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} } .

  5. Category:Rational numbers - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Rational_numbers

    Download QR code; Print/export Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects Wikimedia Commons; ... This category represents all rational numbers, ...

  6. Hilbert's seventeenth problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilbert's_seventeenth_problem

    Hilbert's seventeenth problem is one of the 23 Hilbert problems set out in a celebrated list compiled in 1900 by David Hilbert. It concerns the expression of positive definite rational functions as sums of quotients of squares .

  7. Diophantine approximation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diophantine_approximation

    The first problem was to know how well a real number can be approximated by rational numbers. For this problem, a rational number p / q is a "good" approximation of a real number α if the absolute value of the difference between p / q and α may not decrease if p / q is replaced by another rational number with a smaller denominator.

  8. Hilbert's problems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilbert's_problems

    Some of them, like the 3rd problem, which was the first to be solved, or the 8th problem (the Riemann hypothesis), which still remains unresolved, were presented precisely enough to enable a clear affirmative or negative answer. For other problems, such as the 5th, experts have traditionally agreed on a single interpretation, and a solution to ...

  9. Geometry of numbers - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometry_of_numbers

    Geometry of numbers is the part of number theory which uses geometry for the study of algebraic numbers. Typically, a ring of algebraic integers is viewed as a lattice in R n , {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} ^{n},} and the study of these lattices provides fundamental information on algebraic numbers. [ 1 ]

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