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The Australian Republican Association (ARA) was founded in response to the Eureka Stockade, advocating the abolition of governors and their titles, the revision of the penal code, payment of members of parliament, the nationalisation of land and an independent federal Australian republic outside of the British Empire.
The ARM was founded on 7 July 1991 and was originally known as the Australian Republican Movement. [2] Its first chairman was novelist Thomas Keneally, with other founding members including lawyer Malcolm Turnbull (later Prime Minister), former Australian cricket captain Ian Chappell, film director Fred Schepisi, and author, journalist, and radio and television presenter Peter FitzSimons.
At the 1999 Australian republic referendum, many direct-election republicans voted NO and ensured the defeat of the bi-partisan appointment model. After the defeat, the Australian Republican Movement changed tactic and presented six republic options, of which three involved direct-election. Model 4 was developed from the Hayden model and Model ...
Republican Movement may refer to: Australian Republican Movement; New Zealand Republic (formerly Republican Movement of Aotearoa New Zealand) British republican movement;
The Australian Republican Movement (ARM) is describing the couple’s overseas tour as the “chance to wave goodbye to royal reign”. 👋 For the first time in over a decade, a sitting monarch ...
For republicans it is a chance to sift the model debate out of the equation and obtain a clear indicator of public support, which according to the Australian Republican Movement (ARM) is "what monarchists fear the most". [7] However, for status quo supporters, it is an opportunity to close down the republican debate for the long-term.
The Australian republic referendum held on 6 November 1999 was a two-question referendum to amend the Constitution of Australia.The first question asked whether Australia should become a republic, under a bi-partisan appointment model where the president would be appointed by the federal parliament with a two-thirds majority.
The Republic Advisory Committee, chaired by Malcolm Turnbull of the Australian Republican Movement, submitted its report to the government on 5 October 1993 and Keating announced a working party of ministers to develop a paper for cabinet. Keating ultimately put forward a his original republican model.