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Methamphetamine was discovered in 1893 and exists as two enantiomers: levo-methamphetamine and dextro-methamphetamine. [ note 2 ] Methamphetamine properly refers to a specific chemical substance, the racemic free base , which is an equal mixture of levomethamphetamine and dextromethamphetamine in their pure amine forms, but the hydrochloride ...
In 2012, 16,000 prescriptions for methamphetamine were filled, approximately 1.2 million Americans reported using it in the past year, and 440,000 reported using the drug in the past month. [2] Until the 1980s, the methamphetamine market in the United States was dominated by outlaw motorcycle gangs, namely the Hells Angels.
Methamphetamine fatality from ATS have been reported after ingestion of a minimal dose of 1.3 mg/kg, while the estimated minimum lethal dose in a non-addicted adult is 200 mg. [14] [26] Generally, children are more likely to develop toxicity and have lower chances of developing tolerance.
MDMA was also found to have effects on blood sugar levels comparable to high doses of ephedrine. Oberlin concluded that the effects of MDMA were not limited to the sympathetic nervous system. Research was stopped "particularly due to a strong price increase of safrylmethylamine", which was still used as an intermediate in methylhydrastinine ...
3,4-Dihydroxymethamphetamine (HHMA, 3,4-DHMA), or 3,4-dihydroxy-N-methylamphetamine, also known as α-methylepinine or α,N-dimethyldopamine, is the major metabolite of 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine (MDMA).
Information on their use is largely anecdotal with reports of increased sexual pleasure and the effects of the drug lasting longer, [93] though as methamphetamine is centrally active in the brain, these effects are likely experienced through the higher bioavailability of the drug in the bloodstream and the faster onset of action than many other ...
As of 2012, methamphetamine is the most discussed illegal drug in dental literature for its extensive effect on users' dental health. [3] The teeth of some methamphetamine users appear to be dark and extensively eroded. [4] The epithet "meth mouth" is the result of these superficial presentations of advanced tooth decay and gum infection.
It is also known as speed, crystal meth or simply meth. [3] It is abused by many homeless people in Athens, and causes dangerous side effects such as insomnia, delusions, heart attacks, and violent tendencies, due to being a highly impure and adulterated drug. [2] [4] Routes of administration include smoking, snorting, and intravenous injection ...