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Ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP), also known as ciguatera, is a foodborne illness caused by eating reef fish contaminated with ciguatoxins. [ 4 ] [ 2 ] Such individual fish are said to be ciguatoxic . Symptoms may include diarrhea , vomiting, numbness, itchiness, sensitivity to hot and cold, dizziness , and weakness.
Such poisoning from ciguatoxins is known as ciguatera. Ciguatoxins are lipophilic , able to cross the blood–brain barrier , and can cause both central and peripheral neurologic symptoms. The major symptoms will develop within 1–3 hours of toxin ingestion: vomiting, diarrhea, numbness of extremities, mouth and lips, reversal of hot and cold ...
This hypothesis was proven by Helfrich and Banner, [2] who also showed that the toxin has no effect on fish, both herbivorous and carnivorous. Ciguatoxin-1 was first discovered in 1967 by Scheuer et al [3] when studying ciguatera fish responsible for food poisoning. Later on, in 1977 Yasumoto et al isolated the compound from Dinoflagellates and ...
Ciguatera is found in algae that grows on coral reefs in tropical and subtropical waters like those surrounding the Keys. Fish that feed off the reef ingest the toxin in their flesh, and it moves ...
Afterwards, carnivorous fish, which are targeted by fishing industries, move the toxins further up the food chain. Ciguatera is the most common form of seafood poisoning caused by harmful algal blooms in the world and its incidence and range appear to spread. Best estimates indicate that more than 50,000 people are globally affected every year.
Ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) is a clinical syndrome caused by eating fish containing accumulated ciguatoxins (CTXs), marine biotoxins, due to feeding on toxic microalgae. Traditional endemic regions for ciguatoxic fish include areas in the Caribbean sea and the Pacific and Indians oceans, but autochthonous outbreaks have also been reported in ...
Gambierdiscus toxicus is a species of photosynthetic unicellular eukaryote belonging to the Alveolata, part of the SAR supergroup.It is a dinoflagellate which can cause the foodborne illness ciguatera, [1] and is known to produce several natural polyethers including ciguatoxin, maitotoxin, gambieric acid, and gambierol.
The cubera snapper is considered to be a good-quality food fish, [7] although larger fish in some areas are known to cause ciguatera poisoning in humans who consume their flesh. [8] It is caught using hook-and-line with bottom longlines, gill nets, and bottom trawls, and occasionally by spearfishing. [7]