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2. Vehicle emissions control - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle_emissions_control

   Vehicle emissions control is the study of reducing the emissions produced by motor vehicles, especially internal combustion engines.The primary emissions studied include hydrocarbons, volatile organic compounds, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, and sulfur oxides.

3. United States vehicle emission standards - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_vehicle...

   United States vehicle emission standards are set through a combination of legislative mandates enacted by Congress through Clean Air Act (CAA) amendments from 1970 onwards, and executive regulations managed nationally by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and more recently along with the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA).

4. Defeat device - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defeat_device

   1995 Cadillac Seville disengaged emissions controls whenever heat or air conditioning was on. In 1995, General Motors was ordered to recall 470,000 model year 1991 through 1995 Cadillacs and pay an $11 million fine for programming the car's electronic control unit (ECU) to enrich the fuel mixture any time the car's air conditioning or cabin heat was operating, since the EPA tests are conducted ...

5. Crankcase ventilation system - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crankcase_ventilation_system

   The PCV system was designed to re-circulate the gases into the air intake so that they could be combined with the fresh air/fuel and get more completely combusted. In 1961, California regulations required that all new cars be sold with a PCV system, therefore representing the first implementation of a vehicle emissions control device. [6]

6. Catalytic converter - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalytic_converter

   A three-way catalytic converter on a gasoline-powered 1996 Dodge Ram Simulation of flow inside a catalytic converter. A catalytic converter is an exhaust emission control device which converts toxic gases and pollutants in exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine into less-toxic pollutants by catalyzing a redox reaction.

7. What do recent Supreme Court actions mean for California auto ...

   www.aol.com/news/recent-supreme-court-actions...

   Environmental advocates are cautiously optimistic after the Supreme Court left California's nation-leading auto emissions standards in place — at least for the moment. The Supreme Court declined ...