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2G, or second-generation cellular network technology, marks the transition from analog to digital communication in mobile networks. Defined by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) under the GSM standard, which became the first globally adopted framework for mobile communications, 2G was first commercially launched in 1991 by Radiolinja (now part of Elisa Oyj) in Finland. [1]
Moreover, these newer technologies also targeted network coverage layers on low frequencies, further diminishing the potential advantages of Evolved EDGE. Coupled with the upcoming phase-out and shutdown of 2G mobile networks, it became very unlikely that Evolved EDGE would ever see deployment on live networks.
The second mobile provider to shut down its GSM network (on 1 January 2017) was AT&T Mobility from the United States. [19] Optus in Australia completed the shut down of its 2G GSM network on 1 August 2017, part of the Optus GSM network covering Western Australia and the Northern Territory had earlier in the year been shut down in April 2017. [20]
Cellular network standards and generation timeline. This is a comparison of standards of wireless networking technologies for devices such as mobile phones.A new generation of cellular standards has appeared approximately every tenth year since 1G systems were introduced in 1979 and the early to mid-1980s.
5G is a major phase of mobile telecommunications standards beyond the 4G/IMT Advanced standards. NGMN Alliance or Next Generation Mobile Networks Alliance define 5G network requirements as: Data rates of several tens of megabits per second (Mbit/s) should be supported for tens of thousands of users.
Typical 2G standards include GSM and IS-95 with extensions via GPRS, EDGE and 1xRTT, providing Internet access to users of originally voice centric 2G networks. Both EDGE and 1xRTT are 3G standards, as defined by the ITU , but are usually marketed as 2.9G due to their comparatively low speeds and high delays when compared to true 3G technologies.
A new addition has been the quad-band phone, also known as a World Phone, [5] supporting at least all four major GSM bands, allowing for global use (excluding non-GSM countries such as Japan, South Korea and as well countries where 2G system was shut down to release frequencies and spectrum for LTE networks like Australia (since 2017 ...
The network was on a trial with some selected members of the public (about 20,000 people). As of 2014, 4G LTE services are on (band 3) 1800 MHz. In addition, (band 28) 700 MHz is on trial in central Auckland; 700 MHz ought to be able to penetrate large buildings. [10] 2degrees shut down their 2G network on 15 March 2018. [11]