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'Stand firm'; December 12, 1806 – September 9, 1871), also known as Standhope Uwatie and Isaac S. Watie, was a Cherokee politician who served as the second principal chief of the Cherokee Nation from 1862 to 1866.
Confederate Units of Indian Territory consisted of Native Americans from the Five Civilized Tribes — the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole nations. [1] The 1st Cherokee Mounted Rifles were commanded by the highest ranking Native American of the war: Brig. Gen. Stand Watie, who also became the last Confederate General to surrender on June 23, 1865. [2]
At Fort Towson in Choctaw lands, General Stand Watie officially became the last Confederate general to surrender on June 25, 1865. Watie went to Washington, D.C. later that year for negotiations on behalf of his tribe; as the principal chief of the pro-Confederacy group elected in 1862, he was seeking recognition of a Southern Cherokee Nation.
Confederate Brig. General Stand Watie (also known as Degataga, (1806–1871), a signer of the Treaty of New Echota) raided Union positions in the Indian Territory with his 1st Cherokee Mounted Rifles Regiment of the Army of Trans-Mississippi well after the Confederacy had abandoned the area. He became the last Confederate general to surrender ...
[23] [24] [25] Watie was the last Confederate general to capitulate and this ceremony marked the "last formal surrender of any significant body of Confederate troops". [ 25 ] [ 26 ] In the aftermath of the war the Osage were summoned to the US government's Fort Smith Council in September 1865, but were not made to sign new agreements.
Stand Watie served as Principal Chief (1862-1866) of the pro-Confederate Cherokee after Ross and many Union-supporters withdrew to another location. He served as a Confederate general and was the last to surrender to Union troops. [20]
The Cherokee Braves Flag, as flown by Cherokee General Stand Watie.. Chief of the Cherokee John Ross was adamant that the Union was not dissolved. However, a highly influential member of the Cherokee Nation, Stand Watie, supported the Confederate cause, and on June 1, 1861, began recruiting for all-Indian units that became part of the Confederate army.
On 22 June 1839, teams ranging up to twenty-five in number converged on the houses of John Ridge, Major Ridge, and Elias Boudinot, and murdered them; their attempt on Stand Watie was unsuccessful. [4] They did not attack any others, but the assassinations marked the beginning of the Cherokee Civil War; it continued until after the American ...