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The dartos fascia, dartos tunic or simply dartos is a layer of connective tissue found in the penile shaft, foreskin and scrotum. [1] The penile portion is referred to as the superficial fascia of penis or the subcutaneous tissue of penis , [ 2 ] while the scrotal part is the dartos proper.
The natural foreskin is composed of smooth dartos muscle tissue (called the peripenic muscle [16]), large blood vessels, extensive innervation, outer skin, and inner mucosa. [ 17 ] The process of foreskin restoration seeks to regenerate some of the tissue removed by circumcision, as well as provide coverage of the glans.
The subcutaneous tissue of penis (or superficial penile fascia) is continuous above with the fascia of Scarpa, and below with the dartos tunic of the scrotum and the fascia of Colles. It is sometimes just called the "dartos layer". [1] It attaches at the intersection of the body and glans. [2]
The superficial dorsal vein of the penis belongs to the superficial drainage system. It is located within the superficial dartos fascia, a continuation of the Colles' fascia, on the dorsal surface of the penis and, in contrast to the deep dorsal vein, it lies outside the deeper Buck's fascia. [2]
[14] [17] The superficial dartos fascia, formerly called the peripenic muscle, is one of the two sheaths of smooth muscle tissue found below the penile skin, along with the underlying Buck's fascia or deep fascia of the penis. [18] The dartos fascia extents within the skin of the prepuce and contains an abuncance of elastic fibers. [19]
It consists of flexible connective tissue and nonstriated muscle (dartos fascia). [2] The site of the median septum is apparent on the surface of the scrotum along a median longitudinal ridge called the scrotal raphe. The perineal raphe further extends forward to the undersurface of the penis and backward to the anal opening. [3]
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During times of lower temperatures, the cremaster muscle contracts and pulls the scrotum closer to the body, while the dartos fascia gives it a wrinkled appearance; when the temperature increases, the cremaster and dartos fascia relax to bring down the scrotum away from the body and remove the wrinkles respectively.