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  2. Fish physiology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_physiology

    In fish, the system has only one circuit, with the blood being pumped through the capillaries of the gills and on to the capillaries of the body tissues. This is known as single cycle circulation. The heart of fish is therefore only a single pump (consisting of two chambers). Fish have a closed-loop circulatory system.

  3. Water vascular system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_vascular_system

    The water vascular system is a hydraulic system used by echinoderms, such as sea stars and sea urchins, for locomotion, food and waste transportation, and respiration. [1] The system is composed of canals connecting numerous tube feet. Echinoderms move by alternately contracting muscles that force water into the tube feet, causing them to ...

  4. Biofluid dynamics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofluid_dynamics

    Understanding the circulatory system is one of the major areas of research. The respiratory system is very closely linked to the circulatory system and is very complex to study and understand. The study of Biofluid Dynamics is also directed towards finding solutions to some of the human body related diseases and disorders.

  5. Fish anatomy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_anatomy

    Fish have the simplest circulatory system, consisting of only one circuit, with the blood being pumped through the capillaries of the gills and on to the capillaries of the body tissues. This is known as single cycle circulation. [49]

  6. Aquatic respiration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquatic_respiration

    In fish, the long bony cover for the gill (the operculum) can be used for pushing water. Some fish pump water using the operculum. Without an operculum, other methods, such as ram ventilation, are required. Some species of sharks use this system. When they swim, water flows into the mouth and across the gills.

  7. Circulatory system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circulatory_system

    In vertebrates, the circulatory system is a system of organs that includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood which is circulated throughout the body. [1] [2] It includes the cardiovascular system, or vascular system, that consists of the heart and blood vessels (from Greek kardia meaning heart, and Latin vascula meaning vessels).

  8. Blood vessel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_vessel

    Blood vessels function to transport blood to an animal's body tissues. In general, arteries and arterioles transport oxygenated blood from the lungs to the body and its organs, and veins and venules transport deoxygenated blood from the body to the lungs. Blood vessels also circulate blood throughout the circulatory system.

  9. Human physiology of underwater diving - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_physiology_of...

    Atrial septal defect, also known as Patent foramen ovale – Human heart defect present at birth; Perfusion – Passage of fluid through the circulatory or lymphatic system to an organ or tissue; Pulmonary circulation – Part of the circulatory system which carries blood from heart to lungs and back to the heart