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The chloralkali process (also chlor-alkali and chlor alkali) is an industrial process for the electrolysis of sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions. It is the technology used to produce chlorine and sodium hydroxide (caustic soda), [ 1 ] which are commodity chemicals required by industry.
Another earlier process to produce chlorine was to heat brine with acid and manganese dioxide. 2 NaCl + 2H 2 SO 4 + MnO 2 → Na 2 SO 4 + MnSO 4 + 2 H 2 O + Cl 2. Using this process, chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele was the first to isolate chlorine in a laboratory. The manganese can be recovered by the Weldon process. [11]
English: Membrane chloralkali process. At the anode (A), chloride (Cl-) is oxidized to chlorine. The ion-selective membrane (B) allows the counterion Na+ to freely flow across, but prevents anions such as hydroxide (OH-) and chloride from diffusing across.
The first type, shown on the right and left of the diagram, uses an electrolyte of sodium chloride solution, a graphite anode (A), and a mercury cathode (M). The other type of cell, shown in the center of the diagram, uses an electrolyte of sodium hydroxide solution, a mercury anode (M), and an iron cathode (D). The mercury electrode is common ...
The chlor-alkali industry is a major consumer of the world's energy budget. This process converts concentrated sodium chloride solutions into chlorine and sodium hydroxide, which are used to make many other materials and chemicals. The process involves two parallel reactions: 2 Cl − → Cl 2 + 2 e − 2 H 2 O + 2 e − → H 2 + 2 OH −
A diagram showing the chloralkali process, a major industry expected to be worth over $80 billion globally by 2017. At the anode (A), chloride (Cl-) is oxidized to chlorine . The ion -selective membrane (B) allows the counterion sodium (Na+) to freely flow across, but prevents anions such as hydroxide (OH-) and chloride from diffusing across.
The Deacon process, invented by Henry Deacon, is a process used during the manufacture of alkalis (the initial end product was sodium carbonate) by the Leblanc process. Hydrogen chloride gas was converted to chlorine gas, which was then used to manufacture a commercially valuable bleaching powder , and at the same time the emission of waste ...
After the war, the Olins acquired the Mathieson Chemical Corporation—also founded in 1892. [8] [9] [10] Long before its association with Olin, Mathieson Alkali Works began business in Saltville, Virginia, and a year later acquired its neighbor, the Holston Salt and Plaster Corp. Saltville became a quintessential company town, where they produced chlorine and caustic soda, and in the process ...