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The Clapper is a sound-activated electrical switch, [1] sold since 1984 by San Francisco, California based Joseph Enterprises, Inc. Joseph Pedott marketed the clapper with the slogan "Clap On! Clap Off! The Clapper!". [2] The Clapper plugs into a U.S.-type electrical outlet, and allows control of up to two devices plugged into the Clapper. [3]
The original iron clapper made about 12 million strokes during the 479 years of its history. [2] During the 19th century, it broke and underwent repairs in 1859, 1865, and 1876. [7] After it broke again on 25 December 2000, it was replaced by a new one – paid for and cast by Kraków metallurgic companies – on 14 April 2001. [1]
Quizlet is a multi-national American company that provides tools for studying and learning. [1] Quizlet was founded in October 2005 by Andrew Sutherland, who at the time was a 15-year old student, [ 2 ] and released to the public in January 2007. [ 3 ]
The bell will eventually stop when the dry piles have distributed their charges equally if the clapper does not wear out first. [5] [6] The Bell has produced approximately 10 billion rings since 1840 and holds the Guinness World Record as "the world's most durable battery [delivering] ceaseless tintinnabulation". [2]
Cowbell made in wood from Indonesia. The bell and clapper are commonly crafted from iron, bronze, brass, copper, or wood. The collar used to hold the bell is traditionally made with leather and wood fibers. The craftsmanship of cow bells varies by geographic location and culture. Most cow bells are made of thin, flat pieces of plated sheet metal.
Vibrating "hammer" interrupters were invented by Johann Philipp Wagner (1839) and Christian Ernst Neeff (1847), and was developed into a buzzer by Froment (1847). [ 5 ] [ 6 ] John Mirand around 1850 added a clapper and gong to make the standard electric bell [ 5 ] [ 6 ] for use as a telegraph sounder .
The strike may be made by an internal "clapper" or "uvula", an external hammer, or—in small bells—by a small loose sphere enclosed within the body of the bell (jingle bell). Bells are usually cast from bell metal (a type of bronze) for its resonant properties, but can also be made from other hard materials. This depends on the function.
The clapper on an English handbell is on a hinge and moves back and forth in a single direction, unlike a school bell in which the clapper swings freely in any direction. It also has a spring that holds the clapper away from the casting after the strike to allow the bell to ring freely.