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Waxy casts are broad casts, which is a more general term to describe the wider cast product of a dilated duct, and are seen in chronic kidney failure. In nephrotic syndrome , many additional types of casts exist, including broad and waxy casts if the condition is chronic (this is referred to as a telescopic urine with the presence of many casts).
Treatment is directed at the underlying cause. Other efforts include managing high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, and infection risk. A low-salt diet and limiting fluids are often recommended. [1] About 5 per 100,000 people are affected per year. [3] [4] The usual underlying cause varies between children and adults. [4]
Myeloma cast nephropathy, also referred to as light-chain cast nephropathy, is the formation of plugs (urinary casts) in the kidney tubules from free immunoglobulin light chains leading to kidney failure in the context of multiple myeloma. It is the most common cause of kidney injury in myeloma.
These casts are characteristically found in people with glomerular diseases such as acute glomerulonephritis and lupus nephritis. [119] White blood cell casts represent infection or inflammation involving the kidneys; [120] they can occur in pyelonephritis, but are absent in lower urinary tract infections. [121]
IgA nephropathy (IgAN), also known as Berger's disease (/ b ɛər ˈ ʒ eɪ /) (and variations), or synpharyngitic glomerulonephritis, is a disease of the kidney (or nephropathy) and the immune system; specifically it is a form of glomerulonephritis or an inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney.
In addition, a retrospective case-control study published by researchers from the Mayo Clinic in 2006 has found an increased risk of developing diabetes mellitus and hypertension in people who had undergone ESWL, compared with age and gender-matched people who had undergone nonsurgical treatment. Whether or not acute trauma progresses to long ...
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Rouleaux (singular is rouleau) are stacks or aggregations of red blood cells (RBCs) that form because of the unique discoid shape of the cells in vertebrates. The flat surface of the discoid RBCs gives them a large surface area to make contact with and stick to each other; thus forming a rouleau.