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Flaccid paralysis resulting from cholinergic crisis can be distinguished from myasthenia gravis by the use of the drug edrophonium (Tensilon), as it only worsens the paralysis caused by cholinergic crisis but strengthens the muscle response in the case of myasthenia gravis. (Edrophonium is a cholinesterase inhibitor, hence increases the ...
According to their site of actions, cholinergic blocking drugs can be classified into two general types — antimuscarinic and antinicotinic agents. [1] Antimuscarinic agents (also known as muscarinic antagonists), including atropine and hyoscine, block acetylcholine at the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.
In the treatment of organophosphate toxicity, cholinesterase reactivators such as Pralidoxime reactivate inhibited AChE at peripheral nicotinic receptors.Since AChE mediates effects on both nicotinic and muscarinic receptors, cholinesterase reactivators are co-administered with muscarinic antagonists, primarily atropine.
In pediatrics, it has been used for children with dystonia due to cerebral palsy, [8] [9] [10] and to control drooling. [11] In organophosphate poisoning, trihexyphenidyl is a more effective antidote than atropine to counteract the cholinergic crisis, seizures, and neuropathology. [12]
For people affected by cholinergic syndrome, atropine sulfate combined with an oxime is used to combat the effects of the acute OP poisoning. Diazepam is sometimes also administered if convulsions or muscle fasciculations begin. [16] The intermediate syndrome (IMS) appears in the interval between the end of the cholinergic crisis and the onset ...
Cholinergic crisis. Actions on the neuromuscular junction may result in prolonged muscle contraction. [21] The effects of neostigmine on postoperative nausea and vomiting are controversial and there is not a clear linkage in clinical practice, however, there is good evidence to support the reduction in risk when anticholinergic agents are ...
Children are in the midst of a mental health crisis. Mental Health America's latest report says one in five children in the U.S. have a mental, emotional, or behavioral disorder and they are not ...
Pyridostigmine is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor in the cholinergic family of medications. [3] It works by blocking the action of acetylcholinesterase and therefore increases the levels of acetylcholine. [3] Pyridostigmine was patented in 1945 and came into medical use in 1955. [4] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential ...