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In mathematics and physics, Laplace's equation is a second-order partial differential equation named after Pierre-Simon Laplace, who first studied its properties.This is often written as = or =, where = = is the Laplace operator, [note 1] is the divergence operator (also symbolized "div"), is the gradient operator (also symbolized "grad"), and (,,) is a twice-differentiable real-valued function.
Relaxation methods are used to solve the linear equations resulting from a discretization of the differential equation, for example by finite differences. [2] [3] [4] Iterative relaxation of solutions is commonly dubbed smoothing because with certain equations, such as Laplace's equation, it resembles repeated application of a local smoothing ...
Solutions of the Laplace equation, i.e. functions whose Laplacian is identically zero, thus represent possible equilibrium densities under diffusion. The Laplace operator itself has a physical interpretation for non-equilibrium diffusion as the extent to which a point represents a source or sink of chemical concentration, in a sense made ...
In mathematics, the Laplace transform is a powerful integral transform used to switch a function from the time domain to the s-domain. The Laplace transform can be used in some cases to solve linear differential equations with given initial conditions. First consider the following property of the Laplace transform:
In mathematics, the walk-on-spheres method (WoS) is a numerical probabilistic algorithm, or Monte-Carlo method, used mainly in order to approximate the solutions of some specific boundary value problem for partial differential equations (PDEs). [1] [2] The WoS method was first introduced by Mervin E. Muller in 1956 to solve Laplace's equation ...
The heat equation is the prototypical example of a parabolic partial differential equation. Using the Laplace operator, the heat equation can be simplified, and generalized to similar equations over spaces of arbitrary number of dimensions, as = =, where the Laplace operator, Δ or ∇ 2, the divergence of the gradient, is taken in the spatial ...
Laplace's equation on is an example of a partial differential equation that admits solutions through -separation of variables; in the three-dimensional case this uses 6-sphere coordinates. (This should not be confused with the case of a separable ODE, which refers to a somewhat different class of problems that can be broken into a pair of ...
For example, the solution to the Dirichlet problem for the unit disk in R 2 is given by the Poisson integral formula. If f {\displaystyle f} is a continuous function on the boundary ∂ D {\displaystyle \partial D} of the open unit disk D {\displaystyle D} , then the solution to the Dirichlet problem is u ( z ) {\displaystyle u(z)} given by