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Artist's conception of a human mission on the surface of Mars. 1989 painting by Les Bossinas of NASA's Lewis Research Center. A Space Launch System design in the 2010s. This rocket is envisioned as the launch vehicle for some of the latest NASA speculative long-term plans for Mars concepts, although there are some bold private venture plans that may also provide mass-to-orbit for any mission ...
On April 5, 1990, Orbital Sciences Corporation's Pegasus, an air launched rocket, was the first launch vehicle fully developed by a private company to reach orbit. [42] In the early 2000s, several public-private corporate partnerships were established in the United States to privately develop spaceflight technology.
Astronaut Dale A. Gardner holding a "For Sale" sign in 1984, referring to recovered non-functional private satellites (Palapa B-2 and Westar 6, both were later successfully relaunched) The following is a timeline of important events in the history of private spaceflight , including important technical as well as legislative and political advances.
The Constellation program (abbreviated CxP) was a crewed spaceflight program developed by NASA, the space agency of the United States, from 2005 to 2009.The major goals of the program were "completion of the International Space Station" and a "return to the Moon no later than 2020" with a crewed flight to the planet Mars as the ultimate goal.
In July 2010, [25] after the final launch of Falcon 1 a year prior, [26] SpaceX presented launch vehicle and Mars space tug concepts at a conference. The launch vehicle concepts were called Falcon X (later named Falcon 9), Falcon X Heavy (later named Falcon Heavy), and Falcon XX (later named Starship); the largest of all was the Falcon XX with ...
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Zubrin suggests three models to provide the will and capital to drive Mars exploration forward: the J.F.K. model, in which a far-sighted U.S. leader provides the funding and mobilizes national public opinion around the idea; the Sagan model, in which international co-operation is the driving force; and the Gingrich approach, which emphasizes ...
The Mars race, [1] race to Mars [2] [3] or race for Mars [4] is the competitive environment between various national space agencies, "New Space" and aerospace manufacturers involving crewed missions to Mars, land on Mars, or set a crewed base there.