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  2. National Ignition Facility - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Ignition_Facility

    However, while this was scientifically a success, [13] the experiment in practice produced less than 1% of the energy the facility used to create it: [14] while 3.15 MJ of energy was yielded from 2.05 MJ input, [15] the lasers delivering the 2.05 MJ of energy took about 300 MJ to produce in the facility.

  3. Photosynthetic efficiency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthetic_efficiency

    The Gibbs free energy for converting a mole of CO 2 to glucose is 114 kcal, whereas eight moles of photons of wavelength 600 nm contains 381 kcal, giving a nominal efficiency of 30%. [2] However, photosynthesis can occur with light up to wavelength 720 nm so long as there is also light at wavelengths below 680 nm to keep Photosystem II ...

  4. Fusion energy gain factor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fusion_energy_gain_factor

    The explosion of the Ivy Mike hydrogen bomb. The hydrogen bomb was the first device able to achieve fusion energy gain factor significantly larger than 1.. A fusion energy gain factor, usually expressed with the symbol Q, is the ratio of fusion power produced in a nuclear fusion reactor to the power required to maintain the plasma in steady state.

  5. Engine efficiency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engine_efficiency

    Engine efficiency of thermal engines is the relationship between the total energy contained in the fuel, and the amount of energy used to perform useful work. There are two classifications of thermal engines- Internal combustion (gasoline, diesel and gas turbine-Brayton cycle engines) and

  6. Coefficient of performance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coefficient_of_performance

    The coefficient of performance or COP (sometimes CP or CoP) of a heat pump, refrigerator or air conditioning system is a ratio of useful heating or cooling provided to work (energy) required. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Higher COPs equate to higher efficiency, lower energy (power) consumption and thus lower operating costs.

  7. Limiting oxygen concentration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limiting_oxygen_concentration

    The limiting oxygen concentration is shown in the lower right of the diagram. The limiting oxygen concentration (LOC), [1] also known as the minimum oxygen concentration (MOC), [2] is defined as the limiting concentration of oxygen below which combustion is not possible, independent of the concentration of fuel. It is expressed in units of ...

  8. Neutron temperature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron_temperature

    A thermal neutron is a free neutron with a kinetic energy of about 0.025 eV (about 4.0×10 −21 J or 2.4 MJ/kg, hence a speed of 2.19 km/s), which is the energy corresponding to the most probable speed at a temperature of 290 K (17 °C or 62 °F), the mode of the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution for this temperature, E peak = k T.

  9. Betz's law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betz's_law

    According to Betz's law, no wind turbine of any mechanism can capture more than 16/27 (59.3%) of the kinetic energy in wind. The factor 16/27 (0.593) is known as Betz's coefficient . Practical utility-scale wind turbines achieve at peak 75–80% of the Betz limit.